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Table 1 Comparison of demographic and clinical characteristics between survivors and non-survivors

From: Subclinical acute kidney injury is associated with adverse outcomes in critically ill neonates and children

 

Survivors, n = 462

Non-survivors, n = 48

P value

Age, months

1.37 [0.33–16.0]

0.97 [0.33–13.5]

0.540

Age group, n

   

 ≤ 28 days, n = 239

215 (46.5)

24 (50.0)

0.893

 ≤ 1 year, n = 132

120 (26.0)

12 (25.0)

 > 1 year, n = 139

127 (27.5)

12 (25.0)

Body weight, kg

4.2 [2.5–11.0]

2.9 [1.5–10.0]

0.035

Male, n

277 (60.0)

27 (56.3)

0.645

Illness severitya, score

6 [3–9]

10 [6–14]

<0.001

Diagnosis on ICU admission

 Respiratory diseases, n

176 (38.1)

10 (20.8)

0.054

 Neurologic diseases, n

59 (12.8)

1 (2.1)

 Preterm/LBW, n

37 (8.0)

5 (10.4)

 Sepsis, n

45 (9.7)

11 (22.9)

 Poison/trauma/accident, n

34 (7.4)

5 (10.4)

 Cardiologic diseases, n

20 (4.3)

1 (2.1)

 Gastroenterologic, n

19 (4.1)

0 (0)

 Hematologic diseases, n

17 (3.7)

6 (12.5)

MVb, n

127 (27.5)

35 (72.9)

<0.001

MV duration, days

0 [0–0.84]

2.23 [0–6.86]

<0.001

MV duration ≥ 48 hours, n

89 (19.3)

24 (50.0)

<0.001

AKIc, n

63 (13.6)

16 (33.3)

0.002

 AKI stage 1, n

36 (7.8)

7 (14.6)

<0.001

 AKI stage 2, n

19 (4.1)

5 (10.4)

 AKI stage 3, n

8 (1.7)

4 (8.3)

Sepsisb, n

58 (9.7)

15 (22.9)

0.001

Shock/DICb, n

61 (13.2)

13 (27.1)

0.013

MODSb, n

65 (14.1)

14 (29.2)

0.009

Furosemideb, n

126 (27.3)

24 (50.0)

0.002

Steroidb, n

150 (32.5)

21 (43.8)

0.147

Antibioticsb, n

418 (90.5)

46 (95.8)

0.294

Vancomycinb, n

35 (7.6)

7 (14.6)

0.099

Mannitolb, n

115 (24.9)

16 (33.3)

0.225

Inotropeb, n

60 (13.0)

10 (20.8)

0.182

Hemofiltrationb, n

15 (3.2)

3 (6.3)

0.235

Initial uCysC, ng/mg uCr

311.82 [122.22–975.34]

1587.39 [583.19–8749.16]

<0.001

Peak uCysC, ng/mg uCr

426.49 [165.23–1607.62]

7026.73 [1285.25–33879.56]

<0.001

  1. Values are median [interquartile range] or number (percentage)
  2. AKI acute kidney injury, DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation, ICU intensive care unit, LBW low birth weight, MODS multi-organ dysfunction syndrome, MV mechanical ventilation, uCysC urinary cystatin C, uCr urinary creatinine
  3. aIllness severity was assessed by the score for neonatal acute physiology in critically ill neonates and the pediatric risk of mortality III score in critically ill children
  4. bAdministered or developed during ICU stay
  5. cDeveloped during the first week after ICU admission