Age (years)
|
61.7 ± 16.7
|
66.6 ± 13.1
|
60.3 ± 17.4
|
< 0.0001
|
Male – N (%)
|
2547 (62.0)
|
575 (63.0)
|
1972 (61.7)
|
0.50
|
BMI (kg/m2)a
|
27.5 ± 8.3
|
30.4 ± 11.7
|
26.6 ± 6.9
|
< 0.0001
|
Non-pulmonary SOFA score (adjusted for missing values)b
|
6.1 ± 4.1
|
6.2 ± 4.2
|
6.1 ± 4.0
|
0.39
|
ARDS risk factors – N (%)
| | | |
0.07
|
Pulmonary
|
2295 (55.9)
|
511 (52.0)
|
1784 (55.9)
| |
Non-pulmonary
|
833 (20.3)
|
174 (19.1)
|
659 (20.6)
| |
Pulmonary and non-pulmonary
|
559 (13.6)
|
115 (12.6)
|
444 (13.9)
| |
No risk factor
|
420 (10.2)
|
113 (12.4)
|
307 (9.6)
| |
Co-morbidities – N (%)
| | | | |
No co-morbidity other than diabetes mellitus
|
1958 (47.7)
|
343 (37.6)
|
1615 (50.6)
|
< 0.0001
|
Chronic liver failure
|
161 (3.9)
|
33 (3.6)
|
128 (4.0)
|
0.37
|
Chronic renal failure
|
428 (10.4)
|
205 (22.5)
|
227 (7.0)
|
< 0.0001
|
Chronic cardiac failure (NYHA III-IV)
|
428 (10.4)
|
156 (17.1)
|
272 (8.5)
|
< 0.0001
|
COPD or home ventilation
|
989 (24.1)
|
294 (32.2)
|
695 (21.8)
|
< 0.0001
|
Active neoplasm
|
368 (9.0)
|
61 (6.7)
|
307 (9.6)
|
0.006
|
Immunosuppression
|
453 (11.0)
|
73 (8.0)
|
380 (11.9)
|
0.0009
|
Haematologic neoplasm
|
170 (4.1)
|
22 (2.4)
|
148 (4.6)
|
0.003
|
Active neoplasm/immunosuppression/haematologic neoplasm
|
820 (20.0)
|
134 (14.7)
|
686 (21.5)
|
< 0.0001
|
Baseline ventilator variables
| | | | |
PaO2:FiO2 ratio (mmHg)c
|
167.5 ± 67.8
|
169.2 ± 67.1
|
167.0 ± 68.0
|
0.35
|
Tidal volume (ml/kg PBW)d
|
7.8 ± 2.2
|
8.0 ± 2.4
|
7.7 ± 2.1
|
0.05
|
Plateau pressure (cmH2O)e
|
22.4 ± 5.9
|
23.3 ± 5.6
|
22.1 ± 6.0
|
0.001
|
PEEP (cmH2O)f
|
7.8 ± 3.1
|
7.8 ± 3.1
|
7.8 ± 3.1
|
0.76
|
Peak inspiratory pressure (cmH2O)g
|
24.8 ± 8.7
|
25.3 ± 8.8
|
24.7 ± 8.7
|
0.05
|
Respiratory rate (breaths/min)h
|
21.2 ± 8.1
|
20.9 ± 6.7
|
21.3 ± 8.4
|
0.42
|
Blood pHi
|
7.34 ± 0.12
|
7.33 ± 0.13
|
7.34 ± 0.12
|
0.06
|
PaCO2 (mmHg)j
|
45.8 ± 15.6
|
46.0 ± 15.6
|
45.7 ± 15.6
|
0.51
|
Bicarbonate (mmol/L)k
|
23.6 ± 6.8
|
23.4 ± 7.1
|
23.6 ± 6.7
|
0.36
|