Table 4 Clinical differences in ACLF 3 according to CLIF-C ACLF score

Age, years

50 ± 11

58 ± 9

p < 0.001

Male sex, n (%)

33 (62%)

10 (67%)

p = 0.76

Etiology of cirrhosis, n (%)

p = 0.52

ALD

28 (53%)

8 (53%)

Autoimmune^a

8 (15%)

1 (7%)

Viral

5 (9%)

1 (7%)

Viral + ALD

3 (6%)

1 (7%)

NASH

1 (2%)

2 (13%)

Cryptogenic + others

8 (15)

2 (13%)

Precipitating event (infection/bleeding/both/unknown), n (%)

23/12/7/11 (43%/23%/13%/21%)

4/5/1/5 (27%/33%/7%/33%)

p = 0.46

CLIF-C OF score

14 (13–15)

16 (15–17)

p < 0.001

MELD

31.6 ± 8.7

38.1 ± 10.4

p = 0.02

SIRS score

2 (1–3)

3 (2–3)

p = 0.04

WBC (10⁹/L)

11 (6–17)

21 (15–24)

p = 0.002

Bilirubin, mg/dl; μmol/L

10.5 (4.3–15.8); 180 (74–270)

12.5 (6.9–22.8); 214 (118–390)

p = 0.43

Creatinine, mg/dl; μmol/L

1.7 (1.1–2.6); 150 (97–230)

2.4 (1.6–4.0); 212.2 (142–354)

p = 0.15

Sodium, mmol/L

135 ± 8

136 ± 15

p = 0.90

Renal replacement, n (%)

28 (53%)

11 (73%)

p = 0.16

Median number of organ failures

3 (3–3)

4 (3–5)

p < 0.001

 Liver failure, n (%)

23 (43%)

9 (60%)

p = 0.255

 Renal failure, n (%)

35 (66%)

14 (93%)

p = 0.038

 Cerebral failure, n (%)

16 (30%)

5 (33%)

p = 0.816

 Coagulation failure, n (%)

31 (58%)

11 (73%)

p = 0.296

 Circulatory failure, n (%)

33 (62%)

13 (87%)

p = 0.074

 Respiratory failure, n (%)

35 (66%)

9 (60%)

p = 0.666