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Table 1 Patient and intubation characteristics, parameters before extubation and spontaneous breathing trial according to airway failure, non-airway failure and extubation success with corresponding crude odds ratios determined using multinomial logistic regression

From: Risk factors and outcomes for airway failure versus non-airway failure in the intensive care unit: a multicenter observational study of 1514 extubation procedures

Characteristic

Extubation success (n = 1357)

Airway failure (n = 70)

Non-airway failure (n = 78)

 

OR

95% CI

P value

 

OR

95% CI

P value

Age, years

61 (49–71)

61 (51–71)

1.002

0.987–1.017

0.79

65 (51–72)

1.009

0.994–1.023

0.24

Female sex

490/1352 (36)

36/69 (52)

1.919

1.181–3.118

0.009

30 (38)

1.099

0.688–1.758

0.69

SAPS2

49 (36–62)

48 (40–56)

1.010

0.996–1.024

0.18

48 (37–62)

1.019

1.006–1.032

0.004

SOFA score before extubation

2 (0–4)

2 (1–3)

0.954

0.876–1.039

0.28

3 (1–5)

1.054

1.009–1.101

0.02

SOFA score ≥ 8 before extubation

107 (8)

3 (4)

0.523

0.162–1.691

0.28

15 (19)

2.781

1.532–5.051

0.0008

Weight, kg

75 (63–85)

70 (59–87)

0.990

0.976–1.004

0.18

70 (61–80)

0.982

0.968–0.996

0.01

Height, cm

170 (163–175)

166 (160–174)

0.962

0.937–0.988

0.004

168 (160–175)

0.982

0.958–1.007

0.16

Body mass index (kg/m2)

25.5 (22.5–29.4)

26.6 (21.5–28.5)

1.000

0.962–1.039

1.00

24.2 (21.1–27.8)

0.958

0.916–1.002

0.06

Body mass index < 30 kg/m2

278 (20)

53 (76)

1.131

0.608–2.105

0.70

64 (82)

1.776

0.900–3.502

0.10

Medical type of admission

589 (43)

39 (56)

1.600

0.986–2.595

0.06

39 (50)

1.272

0.805–2.008

0.30

Smoking

349 (26)

13 (19)

0.659

0.356–1.218

0.18

16 (21)

0.745

0.425–1.309

0.31

COPD

173 (13)

10 (14)

1.141

0.573–2.270

0.71

9 (12)

0.893

0.438–1.821

0.75

Alcoholism

295 (22)

14 (20)

0.900

0.494–1.639

0.73

19 (24)

1.159

0.680–1.975

0.59

Cirrhosis

159 (12)

7 (10)

0.837

0.377–1.860

0.66

8 (10)

0.861

0.407–1.823

0.70

Chronic renal failure

168 (12)

5 (7)

0.544

0.216–1.371

0.20

7 (9)

0.698

0.316–1.542

0.37

Reason for ICU admission

 Acute respiratory failure

286 (21)

21 (30)

1.605

0.947–2.720

0.08

21 (27)

1.380

0.823–2.314

0.22

 Trauma

103 (8)

9 (13)

1.796

0.867–3.720

0.11

2 (3)

0.320

0.078–1.323

0.12

 Post-operative

488 (36)

11 (16)

0.332

0.173–0.638

0.0009

20 (26)

0.614

0.365–1.033

0.07

 Cardiac arrest

42 (3)

1 (1)

0.454

0.062–3.346

0.44

7 (9)

3.087

1.339–7.115

0.008

 Neurologic failure

356 (26)

38 (54)

2.626

1.604–4.299

0.001

28 (36)

1.368

0.815–2.293

0.24

 Shock

242 (18)

13 (19)

1.051

0.566–1.950

0.88

14 (18)

1.008

0.556–1.827

0.98

 Ascetic decompensation

24 (2)

1 (1)

0.805

0.107–6.037

0.83

0 (0)

0.98

 Acute renal failure

31 (2)

2 (3)

1.258

0.295–5.367

0.76

2 (3)

1.126

0.264–4.791

0.87

 Others

115 (8)

3 (4)

0.484

0.150–1.562

0.22

7 (9)

1.065

0.479–2.369

0.88

Reason for intubation

 Acute respiratory failure

298 (22)

26 (37)

2.100

1.272–3.468

0.004

24 (31)

1.579

0.960–2.598

0.07

 Shock

146 (11)

10 (14)

1.382

0.693–2.759

0.36

6 (8)

0.691

0.295–1.618

0.39

 Coma

308 (23)

29 (41)

2.409

1.473–3.941

0.0005

24 (31)

1.514

0.921–2.489

0.10

 Cardiac arrest

43 (3)

1 (1)

0.443

0.060–3.264

0.42

8 (10)

3.492

1.582–7.711

0.002

 Surgery

451 (33)

9 (13)

0.297

0.146–0.603

0.0008

16 (21)

0.518

0.296–0.909

0.02

 Others

135 (10)

3 (4)

0.484

0.150–1.562

0.22

8 (10)

1.065

0.479–2.369

0.88

Length of intubation (days)

2.0 (1.0–6.0)

4.5 (1.0–9.0)

1.029

0.997–1.061

0.07

3.5 (1.0–7.0)

1.038

1.011–1.067

0.007

Length of intubation > 8 days

203 (15)

20 (29)

2.174

1.267–3.729

0.005

14 (18)

1.268

0.695–2.312

0.439

Strong cough strength

546 (40)

20 (29)

0.594

0.350–1.009

0.05

12 (15)

0.270

0.145–0.504

< 0.0001

Copious endotracheal secretions

147 (11)

23 (33)

4.028

2.377–6.825

< 0.0001

6 (8)

0.686

0.293–1.605

0.38

  1. Data are summarized as number of extubation procedures/total number of extubation procedures (%) or median (interquartile range). One patient can have more than one reason for ICU admission or for intubation. All P values and ORs result from univariate multinomial logistic regression predicting the two modalities of extubation failure (airway failure versus non-airway failure) according to the characteristics
  2. OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, SAPS2 simplified acute physiologic score, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment, COPD chronic obstructive respiratory disease