Skip to main content

Table 2 Presence and impact of frailty in patients seen by rapid response teams

From: The association of clinical frailty with outcomes of patients reviewed by rapid response teams: an international prospective observational cohort study

Variable

Frailty level 1–4

Frailty level ≥ 5

p value

Count

n = 672 (60%)

n = 447 (40%)

 

Age (years)

63 (18)

74 (15)

p < 0.001

Male

263 (54%)

215 (48%)

p = 0.051

On a medical service

390 (58%)

335 (75%)

p < 0.001b

Patients per nurse

 1–4

203 (30%)

101 (23%)

p = 0.0048b

 5–8

330 (50%)

248 (55%)

p = 0.031b

 9–12

103 (15%)

69 (15%)

p = 1.0

 13–17

27 (5%)

20 (5%)

p = 0.716

  > 17

0

3

P = 0.060

Existing limitation in care

54 (8%)

156 (35%)

p < 0.001b

Resolution of trigger

296 (44%)

192 (43%)

p = 0.950

Repeat MET call

54 (8%)

40 (9%)

p = 0.440

Median NEWS (IQR)

6 (4–9)

7 (5–9)

p = 0.0047a

Mean qSOFA score (SD)

1.1 (.78)

1.4 (.82)

p < 0.001a

On antibiotics following MET call

383 (57%)

273 (61%)

p = 0.216

Antibiotics before MET call

370 (55%)

273 (61%)

p = 0.081

ICU admission

242 (36%)

94 (21%)

p < 0.001b

Mean MET to ICU interval (h)

10.0

6.7

p = 0.701

MET– > ICU less than 4 h.

181 (27%)

125 (28%)

p = 0.892

Died within 24 h of MET call

24 (4%)

48 (11%)

p < 0.001b

Full code status at time of death

5 (0.7%)

8 (1.8%)

p = 0.153

Received CPR

6 (0.9%)

9 (2.0%)

p = 0.119

New limitation in care

74 (11%)

116 (26%)

p < 0.001b

Died within 30 days

144 (21%)

177 (40%)

p < 0.001b

If alive, hospital-dependent at 30 days

139 (26%)

144 (32%)

p < 0.001b

Died or hospital-dependent at 30 days

283 (42%)

321 (72%)

p < 0.001b

  1. Patients seen by rapid response teams were assessed by the Dalhousie clinical frailty scale and analysed according to scores of 1–4 and ≥ 5; 14 of the 1133 patients in this study had missing frailty data and 15 had missing data on the nurse-to-patient ratio
  2. MET Medical emergency team, qSOFA quick sequential organ failure assessment, NEWS National Early Warning Score, CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation
  3. aMann-Whitney U test
  4. bFisher’s exact test