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Table 3 Description of each covariate used for the propensity-score matching in the matched sample (n = 534)

From: Epidemiology and patterns of tracheostomy practice in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome in ICUs across 50 countries

 

Tracheostomy

No tracheostomy

Standardized differences of mean

Number (%) or mean ± sd

Number (%) or mean ± sd

Number

267

267

 

Age

58.4 ± 16.6

58.9 ± 17.9

0.03

Sex (male)

171 (64.0)

171 (64.0)

0.00

BMI

27.9 ± 7.8

27.9 ± 15.0

0.00

Geographic area

 European countries with high income

174 (64.2)

172 (64.4)

0.02

 Non-European countries with high income

49 (18.4)

48 (18.0)

0.01

 Countries with middle income

44 (16.5)

47 (17.6)

0.03

Type of admission

 Medical

178 (66.7)

183 (68.5)

0.04

 Surgical

52 (19.5)

48 (18.0)

0.04

 Elective

19 (7.1)

21 (7.9)

0.03

 Trauma

18 (6.7)

15 (5.6)

0.05

Comorbidities

 COPD or home ventilation

60 (22.5)

65 (24.3)

0.04

 Diabetes mellitus

64 (23.9)

64 (23.9)

0.00

 Chronic renal failure

27 (10.1)

23 (8.6)

0.05

 Immunosuppression or active or hematologic neoplasm

66 (24.7)

62 (23.3)

0.04

 Heart failure (NYHA classes III-IV)

19 (7.1)

22 (8.2)

0.04

 Chronic liver failure (Child-Pugh Class C)

2 (0.7)

2 (0.7)

0.00

 Cause of AHRF - pneumonia

186 (69.7)

195 (73.0)

0.07

ARDS risk factor

 No risk factor

17 (6.4)

17 (6.4)

0.00

 Only indirect risks factor

45 (16.9)

39 (14.6)

0.06

 Only direct risk factors

168 (62.9)

173 (65.0)

0.04

 Both risk factors

37 (13.9)

38 (14.2)

0.01

ECMO use

19 (7.1)

16 (6.0)

0.05

Arterial gas

 pH

7.4 ± 0.1

7.4 ± 0.1

0.07

 P/F ratio (mmHg)

204.1 ± 86.5

199.1 ± 63.7

0.07

 PaCO2 (mmHg)

44.4 ± 13.9

44.2 ± 14.1

0.01

Non-respiratory SOFA score adjusted for missing values,

5.1 ± 3.4

5.1 ± 3.6

0.00