Fig. 1

Correlation between human γδ T-cell subsets and biomarkers of kidney stress. a Gating strategy used for flow cytometric analysis. Following exclusion of doublets, CD45⁺ cells were analyzed and further specified according to size/granularity. γδ T cells were defined as CD3⁺Vδ2⁺ cells. b Perioperative changes in human peripheral γδ T-cell frequencies were analyzed and stratified by biomarker results. In patients with elevated biomarkers, greater changes could be observed. c Perioperative changes (postsurgery versus presurgery) of T-cell subsets in human peripheral blood, including γδ T cells, were correlated with the biomarker level ([TIMP-2]•[IGFBP7]). Here, only changes in the γδ T-cell subpopulation significantly correlated with biomarker testing (p = 0.022), whereas no significant correlation could be observed in the (global) CD3 population or CD4/CD8 T-cell subsets