Immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE database

Table 3 Clinical endpoints in immunocompromised (Study) patients according to ventilation subgroup

Clinical endpoints	IMV (n = 462)	NIV (n = 63)	NIV failure (n = 59)	p Value
Duration of mechanical ventilation, d, median (Q₁–Q₃)	8.0 (4.0–14.0)	–	8.0 (5.0–15.0)	0.4352
Progression/regression of ARDS^a, n (%)
No change	161 (40.1)	18 (32.1)	22 (43.1)	0.4449
Progression	43 (10.7)	5 (8.9)	7 (13.7)	0.7199
Regression	103 (25.7)	4 (7.1)^b	16 (31.4)^c	0.0045
Resolution	94 (23.44)	29 (51.8)^b	6 (11.8)^c	< 0.0001
Limitation of life-sustaining measures, n (%)
Decision to withhold life-sustaining measures	124 (26.8)	18 (28.6)	16 (27.1)	0.9587
Decision to withdraw life-sustaining measures	101 (21.9)	14 (22.2)	14 (23.7)	0.9480
Decision to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining measures	154 (33.3)	21 (33.3)	20 (33.9)	0.9962
Before IMV or NIV start	1 (0.6)	0 (0.0)	1 (5.0)	0.2062
ICU mortality^d, n (%)	214 (46.3)	18 (28.6)^b	34 (57.6)^c	0.0043
Hospital mortality^e, n (%)
All patients	242 (52.8)	25 (39.7)	37 (62.7)^c	0.0362
Patients with limitations of life-sustaining measures^f	137 (89.0)	17 (81.0)	19 (95.0)	0.3803

Abbreviations: ARDS Acute respiratory distress syndrome, IMV Patients invasively ventilated from day 1, independently of the type of support received after the eventual extubation, NIV Patients treated exclusively with noninvasive ventilation, from day 1 to study exit, independently of outcome, NIV failure Patients initially treated with noninvasive ventilation and subsequently intubated during the study period, Q₁ First quartile, Q₃ Third quartile
^aChange in ARDS severity (according Berlin definition) was not evaluable for 76 immunocompromised patients (61 IMV, 7 NIV, and 8 NIV failure)
^bStatistically significant different from the IMV group
^cStatistically significant different from the NIV group
^dMortality is defined as mortality at ICU discharge or at the 90th day in ICU after onset of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, whichever event occurred first
^eMortality is defined as mortality at hospital discharge or at the 90th day in hospital, after onset of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, whichever event occurred first
^fMortality assessed in patients with a decision to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining measures
Note: Bold p values represent a statistically significant difference among the three groups

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