Table 1 Patients characteristics in immunocompetent (Control) and immunocompromised (Study) groups
Patients characteristics | Control (n = 2229) | Study (n = 584) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
Sex, age, and BMI | |||
 Women, n (%) | 837 (37.6) | 247 (42.3) | 0.0360 |
 Age, yr, mean ± SD | 61.6 ± 17.1 | 60.3 ± 15.5 | 0.0163 |
 BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 28.1 ± 9.2 | 25.5 ± 5.8 | < 0.0001 |
Comorbidities, n (%) | |||
 COPD | 522 (23.4) | 85 (14.6) | < 0.0001 |
 Diabetes mellitus | 523 (23.5) | 90 (15.4) | < 0.0001 |
 Hearth failure (NYHA classes III-IV) | 260 (11.7) | 30 (5.1) | < 0.0001 |
 Chronic renal failure | 222 (10.0) | 64 (11.0) | 0.4769 |
 Chronic liver failure (Child-Pugh class C) | 91 (4.1) | 21 (3.6) | 0.5924 |
 Home ventilation | 52 (2.3) | 7 (1.2) | 0.0886 |
ARDS risk factors, n (%) | |||
 Pneumonia | 1271 (57.0) | 412 (70.5) | < 0.0001 |
 Pulmonary contusion | 86 (3.9) | 1 (0.2) | < 0.0001 |
 Pulmonary vasculitis | 7 (0.3) | 7 (1.2) | 0.0140 |
 Major trauma | 111 (5.0) | 1 (0.2) | < 0.0001 |
 Aspiration of gastric contents | 348 (15.6) | 54 (9.2) | < 0.0001 |
 Pancreatitis | 54 (2.4) | 5 (0.9) | 0.0187 |
 Noncardiogenic shock | 154 (6.9) | 60 (10.3) | 0.0063 |
 Drug overdose | 46 (2.1) | 5 (0.9) | 0.0515 |
 Severe burns | 8 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0.2183 |
 Inhalational injury | 58 (2.6) | 12 (2.1) | 0.4498 |
 Drowning | 1 (0.04) | 1 (0.2) | 0.3722 |
 Nonpulmonary sepsis | 361 (16.2) | 94 (16.1) | 0.9535 |
 Blood transfusions | 82 (3.7) | 29 (5.0) | 0.1550 |
 Other risk factors | 61 (2.7) | 12 (2.2) | 0.4925 |
 None | 194 (8.7) | 40 (6.8) | 0.1487 |
Cause of immunosuppression, n (%) | |||
 Known (hematologic and/or active neoplasm) | – | 357 (61.1) | – |
 Unknown | – | 227 (38.9) | – |
Illness severity at ARDS onset | |||
 Nonpulmonary SOFA scorea, mean ± SD | |||
  First day of ARDS | 6.2 ± 4.1 | 6.5 ± 4.0 | 0.1150 |
  Second day of ARDS | 6.3 ± 4.3 | 6.7 ± 4.3 | 0.0283 |
 PaO2/FiO2 ratio, mmHg, mean ± SD | 161.3 ± 67.1 | 157.2 ± 67.9 | 0.1660 |
 Mild ARDSb, n (%) | 666 (29.9) | 167 (28.6) | 0.5455 |
 Moderate ARDSb, n (%) | 1067 (47.9) | 271 (46.4) | 0.5280 |
 Severe ARDSb, n (%) | 496 (22.3) | 146 (25.0) | 0.1590 |