Table 4 AED-AED drug interactions [113–116]

From: Antiepileptic drugs in critically ill patients

	CBZ	CNP	DZP	LAC	LAM	MDZ	OXZ	PEN	PMP	PHB	PHT	PFL	TOP
ZON	↓ZON			↓LAC			↓ZON	↓ZON		↓ZON	↓ZON		↓ZON
ZON	↑CBZ			↓LAC			↓ZON	↓ZON		↓ZON	↓ZON		↓ZON
VPA	↓VPA	? risk of absence seizures			↑ LAM		↓OXZ		↑VPA	↑PHB	↑PHT	↑PFL	↓VPA
VPA	↑CBZ	? risk of absence seizures			↑ LAM		↓OXZ		↑VPA	↓VPA	↓VPA	↑PFL	↓VPA
TOP	↓VPA		↑ DZP			↓MDZ		↓TOP	↓ PMP	↓TOP	↑PHT
TOP	↓TOP		↑ DZP			↓MDZ		↓TOP	↓ PMP	↓TOP	↓TOP
PHT	↓↑CBZ		↓ DZP	↓LAC	↓ LAM	↓MDZ		↓PEN	↓ PMP	↓PHT
PHT	↓↑PHT		↓ DZP	↓LAC	↓ LAM	↓MDZ		↓PEN	↓ PMP	↓PHT
PHB	↓CBZ		↓ DZP		↓ LAM	↓MDZ	↓OXZ
PEN	↓CBZ		↓ DZP			↓MDZ
OXZ	↓CBZ		↑↓DZP			↓MDZ
OXZ	↓OXZ		↑↓DZP			↓MDZ
MDZ	↓MDZ
LAM	↓LAM
LAC	↓LAC
DZP	↓DZP
DZP	↑CBZ
CNP
BRV	↓BRV

↑ and ↓ indicate increased and decreased levels and/or effects, respectively
AED antiepileptic drug, CBZ carbamazepine, CNP clonazepam, GBT gabapentine, GTC generalized tonic-clonic, LAC lacosamide, LAM lamotrigine, LEV levetiracetam, OXZ oxcarbazepine, PMP perampanel, PHB phenobarbital, PHT phenytoin, PGB pregabalin, TOP topiramate, VPA valproic acid, ZON zonisamide

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