Cardiac output (L/min) (95% CI) | Passive range of leg motion (PROM) | Passive cycle-ergometery | Quadriceps electrical stimulation | Functional electrical stimulation cycling (FES cycling) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Rest | 6.6 (5.6–7.3) | 6.7 (5.8–7.7) | 6.6 (5.7–7.6) | 6.7 (5.7–7.6) |
3 min | 6.6 (5.6–7.5) | 6.8 (5.8–7.8) | 6.8 (5.8–7.7) | 7.3 (6.3–8.3)*, ‡ |
6 min | 6.5 (5.5–7.5) | 6.8 (5.8–7.7) | 6.7 (5.8–7.7) | 7.7 (6.8–8.7)*, †,‡ |
9 min | 6.5 (5.6–7.5) | 6.8 (5.8–7.7) | 6.8 (5.8–7.7) | 7.7 (6.7–8.7)*, †,‡ |
Recovery | 6.6 (5.6–7.5) | 6.7 (5.7–7.6) | 6.6 (5.7–7.6) | 7.1 (6.2–8.1)* |