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Table 2 Cardiac ouput values during the four types of bed exercise

From: Comparison of exercise intensity during four early rehabilitation techniques in sedated and ventilated patients in ICU: a randomised cross-over trial

Cardiac output

(L/min) (95% CI)

Passive range of leg motion (PROM)

Passive cycle-ergometery

Quadriceps electrical stimulation

Functional electrical stimulation cycling (FES cycling)

Rest

6.6 (5.6–7.3)

6.7 (5.8–7.7)

6.6 (5.7–7.6)

6.7 (5.7–7.6)

3 min

6.6 (5.6–7.5)

6.8 (5.8–7.8)

6.8 (5.8–7.7)

7.3 (6.3–8.3)*, ‡

6 min

6.5 (5.5–7.5)

6.8 (5.8–7.7)

6.7 (5.8–7.7)

7.7 (6.8–8.7)*, †,‡

9 min

6.5 (5.6–7.5)

6.8 (5.8–7.7)

6.8 (5.8–7.7)

7.7 (6.7–8.7)*, †,‡

Recovery

6.6 (5.6–7.5)

6.7 (5.7–7.6)

6.6 (5.7–7.6)

7.1 (6.2–8.1)*

  1. *Significant difference between PROM and FES cycling; †significant difference between passive cycle-ergometery and FES cycling; ‡significant difference between quadriceps electrical stimulation and FES cycling