Study | Ultrasound protocol | Specificity1 (95% CI) | Sensitivity2 (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|
All studies (pooled) | |||
Intra-atrial | 97.4 (94.8–98.7) | 73.5 (57.2–85.3) | |
Extra-atrial | 100.0 (98.1–100.0) | 55.6 (21.2–86.3) | |
Total | 98.6 (97.2–99.3) | 65.4 (50.7–77.6) | |
TTE and CEUS | |||
Cortellaro [49] | |||
Intra-atrial | 98.6 (92.2–100.0) | 50.0 (1.2–98.7) | |
Extra-atrial | 100.0 (94.6–100.0) | 25.0 (0.6–80.6) | |
Total | 98.5 (91.7–100.0) | 33.3 (4.3–77.7) | |
Duran-Gehring [50] | |||
Intra-atrial | 100.0 (92.3–100.0) | –4 | |
Extra-atrial | 100.0 (91.8–100.0) | 33.3 (0.8–90.6) | |
Total | 100.0 (91.8–100.0) | 33.3 (0.8–90.6) | |
Kamalipour [52] | |||
Intra-atrial | 97.8 (92.2–99.7) | 78.6 (49.2–95.3) | |
Extra-atrial | 100.0 (96.4–100.0) | 0.0 (0.0–84.2) | |
Total | 97.7 (92.0–99.7) | 68.8 (41.3–89.0) | |
Lanza [53] | |||
Intra-atrial | 99.0 (94.6–100.0) | 71.4 (29.0–96.3) | |
Extra-atrial | 100.0 (96.4–100.0) | 80.0 (28.4–99.5) | |
Total | 98.9 (94.3–100.0) | 75.0 (42.8–94.5) | |
Weekes [55] | |||
Intra-atrial | 100.0 (97.6–100.0) | –4 | |
Extra-atrial | 100.0 (97.5–100.0) | 75.0 (19.4–99.4) | |
Total | 100.0 (97.5–100.0) | 75.0 (19.4–99.4) | |
Vascular ultrasound and TTE | |||
Alonso-Quintela [58] | |||
Intra-atrial | 94.0 (83.4–98.7) | 100.0 (2.5–100.0) | |
Extra-atrial | 100.0 (92.7–100.0) | 100.0 (15.8–100.0) | |
Total | 93.8 (82.8–98.7) | 100.0 (29.2–100.0) | |
Maury [59] | |||
Intra-atrial | 100.0 (95.4–100.0) | 100.0 (47.8–100.0) | |
Extra-atrial | 100.0 (95.5–100.0) | 100.0 (39.8–100.0) | |
Total | 100.0 (95.2–100.0) | 100.0 (66.4–100.0) | |
Vascular ultrasound, TTE and CEUS | |||
Blans [18] | |||
Intra-atrial | 100.0 (93.2–100.0) | 0.0 (0.0–70.8) | |
Extra-atrial | 98.0 (89.6–100.0) | 0.0 (0.0–84.2) | |
Total | 98.0 (89.4–99.9) | 0.0 (0.0–70.8) | |
Matsushima [19] | |||
Intra-atrial | 98.2 (90.6–100.0) | 50.0 (1.3–98.7) | |
Extra-atrial | 100.0 (93.2–100.0) | 50.0 (15.7–84.3) | |
Total | 98.0 (89.4–99.9) | 50.0 (18.7–81.3) | |
Meggiolaro3 [32] | |||
Intra-atrial | 95.8 (88.3–99.1) | 48.5 (30.8–66.5) | |
Extra-atrial | 100.0 (96.0–100.0) | 64.3 (35.1–87.2) | |
Total | 100.0 (96.0–100.0) | 64.3 (35.1–87.2) | |
Vezzani [31] | |||
Intra-atrial | 96.0 (88.8–99.2) | 91.7 (73.0–99.0) | |
Extra-atrial | 100.0 (96.2–100.0) | 100.0 (39.8–100.0) | |
Total | 95.8 (88.1–99.1) | 92.9 (76.5–99.1) | |
Zanobetti3 [61] | |||
Intra-atrial | 89.2 (81.5–94.5) | 94.2 (87.9–97.9) | |
Extra-atrial | 100.0 (98.1–100.0) | 55.6 (21.2–86.3) | |
Total | 100.0 (98.1–100.0) | 55.6 (21.2–86.3) |