Fig. 2
Forest plot comparing outcome with fluid bolus therapy in all shock definition (using data derived from the FEAST dataset). Note: there are 16 children with missing malaria results who are not included in the calculations in children with/without malaria. 1FEAST trial criteria: history of fever or axillary temperature >37.4 °C or <36 °C with impaired consciousness (prostration or coma) or respiratory distress, plus ≥ 1 of the following: capillary refill time >2 s, lower limb temperature gradient, weak pulse, tachycardia (heart rate >180 beats per min (bpm) (age <12 months), >160 bpm (age 12 months−5 years), >140 bpm (age >5 years)). 2World Health Organization (WHO) Emergency Triage Assessment Treatment criteria: the presence of cold hands or feet with capillary refill time >3 s and a weak pulse. 3American College of Critical Care Medicine (ACCM) cold shock (with two signs): axillary temperature >37.4 °C or <36 °C plus ≥ 2 of: prostration/coma or Blantyre coma score <5, capillary refill time >2 s, weak pulse, increased temperature gradient. 4Paediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) (2010) compensated shock: two of the following: tachycardia (see FEAST criteria for definition), increased temperature gradient, capillary refill time >2 s, weak pulse