Table 3 Further subgroup analysis and sensitivity analyses on primary outcome of gastrointestinal bleeding rate
| Â | Studies, number | Patients, number | Event in SUP group | Event in control group | Risk ratio (95% CI) | I 2 | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subgroup analyses | ||||||||
 Type of SUP | PPI | 4 | 527 | 8 of 270 | 16 of 257 | 0.49 (0.21, 1.10) | 4% | 0.08 |
H2RA | 3 | 262 | 20 of 130 | 13 of 132 | 1.60 (0.86, 3.05) | 16% | 0.15 | |
Sucralfate | 1 | 200 | 5 of 100 | 6 of 100 | 0.83 (0.26, 2.64) | - | 0.76 | |
 Published year | After 2000 | 4 | 527 | 8 of 270 | 16 of 257 | 0.49 (0.21, 1.10) | 4% | 0.08 |
Before 2000 | 3 | 362 | 20 of 230 | 13 of 132 | 0.75 (0.30, 1.86) | 0% | 0.53 | |
 Sample size | <100 | 3 | 153 | 14 of 79 | 10 of 74 | 1.42 (0.68, 2.94) | 12% | 0.35 |
>100 | 4 | 736 | 14 of 421 | 19 of 315 | 0.52 (0.26, 1.04) | 0% | 0.07 | |
 Study designed | Blinded | 4 | 435 | 13 of 224 | 11 of 211 | 1.12 (0.52, 2.44) | 0% | 0.77 |
Unblinded | 3 | 454 | 15 of 276 | 18 of 178 | 0.62 (0.32, 1.19) | 35% | 0.15 | |
 Setting | MICU | 3 | 436 | 16 of 271 | 13 of 165 | 0.87 (0.44, 1.73) | 0% | 0.70 |
Mixed ICU | 4 | 453 | 12 of 229 | 16 of 224 | 0.73 (0.36, 1.50) | 0% | 0.73 | |
 Administration route | Oral | 2 | 669 | 23 of 340 | 23 of 329 | 1.0 (0.58, 1.72) | 0% | 1.00 |
Intravenous | 6 | 320 | 5 of 160 | 12 of 160 | 0.35 (0.03, 3.84) | 62% | 0.39 | |
Sensitivity analyses | ||||||||
 GI bleeding | Overt GI bleeding | 6 | 589 | 18 of 300 | 23 of 289 | 0.79 (0.44, 1.39) | 24% | 0.41 |
Clinical important GI bleeding | 4 | 725 | 13 of 415 | 13 of 310 | 0.63 (0.29, 1.37) | 25% | 0.25 | |
Randomized-effects models | 7 | 889 | 28 of 500 | 29 of 389 | 0.87 (0.50, 1.53) | 8% | 0.63 | |
Early enteral nutrition | 6 | 798 | 24 of 451 | 26 of 347 | 0.76 (0.49, 1.29) | 22% | 0.31 | |