Table 1 Study description
Study (country) | Scoring systems | Sample size (age in years) | (Outcome) and model performance measures | Study (country) | Scoring system | Sample size (age in years) | (Outcome) and model performance measures |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abhinandan and Vedavathi, 2013 (India) [60] | APACHE II | 50 (18–90, mean 48.36) | (Unspecified mortality) D: not reported; C: not reported; CM: not reported; comparison of means | Liu et al., 2016 (China) [61] | APACHE II | 137 (mean 69.53 ± 9.28) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: not reported; CM: sensitivity, specificity |
Aggarwal et al., 2006 (India) [7] | APACHE II SAPS II MPM II 0 MPM II 24 | 459 (16–80) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL C and H statistics; CM: sensitivity, specificity, NPV, PPV, accuracy | Mohan et al., 2015 (India) [46] | APACHE II SAPS II SAPS 3 | 100 (mean: survivors 44.29 ± 15.53, non-survivors 57.37 ± 20.42) | (ICU mortality) D: not reported; C: not reported; CM: sensitivity, specificity; comparison of means |
Ahluwalia et al., 1999 (India) [29] | APACHE II 48 hours (TA) New Scorea | 79 (13–80, mean 46) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC (CI not reported); C: not reported; CM: sensitivity, specificity | Nair et al., 2016 (India) [62] | SAPS | 48 (mean: survivors 53.56, non-survivors 47.78) | (ICU mortality) D: AUROC; C: not reported |
Celik et al., 2014 (Turkey) [63] | SAPS II | 545 (>18) | (ICU mortality) D: not reported; C: not reported; CM: not reported; comparison of means | Naqvi et al., 2016 (Pakistan) [33] | APACHE II SAPS | 96 (mean 32.93 ± 16.61) | (ICU mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL |
Chang et al., 2006 (Taiwan) [64] | APACHE II | 1263 (13–92, mean 56) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL | Nassar et al., 2012 (Brazil) [42] | APACHE IV SAPS 3 MPM III | 5780 (median 66, IQR 47–79) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL C statistic |
Chiavone and Rasslan, 2005 (Brazil) [65] | APACHE II | 94 (16–97) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: calibration curve, stratified in 10% risk bands, R2 | Naved et al., 2011 (Pakistan) [34] | APACHE II (48 hours) | 253 (15–84, mean 51.26 ± 17.9) | (ICU mortality) D: not reported; C: chi-square test |
Eapen et al., 1997 (India) [30] | APACHE II (VA) | 500 (13–84) | (Unspecified mortality) D: AUROC (CI not reported); C: not reported | Nimgaonkar et al., 2004 (India) [35] | APACHE II ANN22a ANN15a | 2962 (mean 37.5 ± 16.1) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL |
Evran et al., 2016 (Turkey) [47] | APACHE II APACHE IV SAPS 3 | 487 (18–96, mean 58.58 ± 18 | (ICU mortality) D: AUROC (as figure); C: not reported; CM: sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV and NPV | Nouira et al., 1998 (Tunisia) [66] | APACHE II SAPS II MPM 0 MPM 24 | 1325 (mean 46.6 ± 20.4) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL C and H statistics; CM: NPV, PPV |
Fadaizadeh et al., 2012 (Iran) [67] | APACHE II SAPS II | 415 (mean 49.28 ± 0.94) | (ICU mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL C statistic; CM: sensitivity, specificity | Ratanarat et al., 2005 (Thailand) [68] | APACHE II SAPS I | 482 (mean 56 ± 21) | (ICU mortality) D: AUROC; C: not reported CM: sensitivity, specificity |
Faruq et al., 2013 (Bangladesh) [37] | APACHE II SAPS II | 194 (mean 61.06 ± 15.42 | (ICU mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL C statistic | Riviello et al., 2016 (Rwanda) [43] | MPM III (0) R-MPMa Simplified R-MPMa | 427 (median 34, IQR 25–47) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL |
Galal et al., 2013 (Egypt) [49] | APACHE II SAPS II | 105 (0–88, mean 54.59 ± 15.75) | (ICU mortality) D: AUROC (CI not reported); C: HL; CM: sensitivity, specificity, accuracy | Sathe and Bapat, 2014 (India) [69] | APACHE II SAPS II | 1543 (mean 53.9 ± 16.8) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL |
Gilani et al., 2014 (Iran) [70] | APACHE II APACHE III SAPS II | 202 (14–85 mean 53.1 ± 20.3) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC (CI not reported); C: HL; CM: sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, NPV, PPV | Sekulic et al., 2015 (Serbia) [48] | APACHE II MPM II (0) MPM II (24) MPM II (48) MPM II (72) MPM II (7 days) SAPS II | 60 (mean 59.0 ± 15.8) | (ICU mortality) D: AUROC (as figure for MPM II (24)); C: HL; CM: sensitivity, specificity |
Godinjak et al., 2016 (Bosnia and Herzegovina) [31] | APACHE II SAPS II | 174 (19–87, mean 61.7 ± 16.3) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: not reported; CM: sensitivity, specificity | Shoukat et al., 2016 (Pakistan) [71] | APACHE IV | 155 (13–70, mean 38.39 ± 13.61) | (Unspecified mortality) D: not reported; C: not reported; CM: not reported; comparison of means |
Gupta and Arora, 2004 (India) [72] | APACHE II | 330 (mean 43.32 ± 16.22) | (ICU mortality) D: AUROC (CI not reported); C: HL; CM: accuracy | Shrestha et al., 2011 (Nepal) [73] | APACHE III | 117 (16–84, mean 43.18 ± 18.49) | (ICU mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL; CM: sensitivity, specificity, NPV, PPV, accuracy |
Haidri et al., 2011 (Pakistan) [74] | APACHE II | 142 (15–90, mean 53.16 ± 19.29) | (ICU mortality) D: not reported; C: not reported; comparison of means | Silva Junior et al., 2010 (Brazil) [55] | SAPS 3 | 1310 (mean 67.1 ± 15.3) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL C statistic; CM: sensitivity, specificity |
Halim et al., 2009 (Indonesia) [75] | APACHE II | 144 (15–85, mean 47.33 ± 17.17) | (ICU mortality) D: AUROC (CI not reported); C: HL; CM: sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, NPV, PPV | Soares and Salluh, 2006 (Brazil) [39] | SAPS II SAPS 3 SAPS 3 (CSA) | 952 (>18, mean 58.3 ± 23.1) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL C statistic |
Hamza et al., 2009 (Egypt) [76] | APACHE IV SAPS II MPM II0 | 265 (mean 57.07 ± 16.6) | (ICU mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL H statistic | Soares et al., 2004 (Brazil) [40] | APACHE II APACHE III SAPS II, MPM II 0 MPM II 24 | 1257 (18–93, mean 56.0 ± 16.7) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL H statistic |
Hashmi et al., 2016 (Pakistan) [77] | APACHE II APACHE II (MTA) | 213 (mean 46.31 ± 18.43) | (Unspecified mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL; CM: sensitivity, specificity, accuracy | Soares et al., 2010 (Brazil) [41] | SAPS II SAPS 3 SAPS 3 (CSA) MPM III (24) | 717 (mean 61.2 ± 15.4) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL C statistic |
Hernandez et al., 2014 (Philippines) [78] | SAPS 3 | 2426 (mean 62 ± 17) | (ICU mortality) D: AUROC (CI not reported); C: HL C statistic | Sutheechet, 2009 (Thailand) [79] | SAPS II MPM II (24) | 639 (18–100, mean 56.9 ± 20.6) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL; CM: sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, NPV, PPV |
Hosseini and Ramazani, 2015 (Iran) [80] | APACHE II | 150 (3–97) | (ICU mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL; CM: sensitivity, specificity, accuracy | Teoh et al., 1991 (Malaysia) [81] | APACHE II | 100 (1 month–82 years) | (Hospital mortality) D: not reported; C: not reported; CM: not reported; correlation |
Juneja et al, 2012 (India) [1] | APACHE II APACHE III APACHE IV SAPS II SAPS 3 MPM II (0) MPM III (0) | 653 (mean 58.48 ± 18.6) | (ICU mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL; CM: sensitivity, specificity | Turner et al., 1989 (South Africa) [36] | APACHE II | 728 (12–88, mean 43) | (Unspecified mortality) D: not reported; C: not reported; CM: not reported; correlation |
Khan et al., 2015 (India) [32] | APACHE II APACHE II (48 hours) SAPS II SAPS II (48 hours) | 85 (mean 39.14 ± 17.3) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: not reported; CM: sensitivity, specificity | Wilairatana et al., 1995 (Thailand) [82] | APACHE II APACHE III SAPS II | 209 (16–93, mean 55.36 ± 17.44) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: not reported; CM: sensitivity, specificity, accuracy |
Khawannimit and Geater, 2007 (Thailand) [38] | APACHE II SAPS II | 1316 (mean 55.6 ± 18.2) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL C and H statistics; CM: sensitivity, specificity, NPV, PPV, accuracy | Xing et al., 2015 (China) [52] | APACHE II APACHE IV SAPS 3 | 981 (mean 64.8 ± 12.1) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL C statistic |
Khwannimit and Bhurayanontachai, 2011 (Thailand) [51] | APACHE II SAPS 3 SAPS 3 (AUS) SAPS II Customised APACHE II (recalibration) Customised SAPS II (recalibration) Customised SAPS 3 (recalibration) | 2022 (median 62, IQR 49–73) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL H and C statistic | Yamin et al., 2011 (Pakistan) [28] | APACHE IV | 162 (9–90, mean 38.024) | (ICU mortality) D: not reported; C: not reported; CM: accuracy; comparison of means |
Kiatboonsri and Charoenpan, 1995 (Thailand) [45] | APACHE II | 334 (15–98, mean 56.01 ± 18.23) | (Hospital mortality) D: AUROC not reported; C: not reported; CM: sensitivity, specificity, PPV, accuracy | Zhao et al., 2013 (China) [50] | SAPS II (initial) SAPS II (48 hours) SAPS II (24 hours) SAPS II (72 hours) Simplified SAPS II (VA) | 1684 (18–98, mean 58.93 ± 18.30) | (ICU mortality) D: AUROC; C: HL; CM: sensitivity, specificity, accuracy; correlation |