Table 1 Demographic characteristics of patients before ECMO stratified for survival and non-survival

Age (years)

48

(37; 55)

47

(36; 55)

48

(38; 56)

0.421

Sex, male (%)

69

(64)

27

(66)

42

(63)

0.739

Weight (kg)

85

(70; 100)

90

(80; 103)

82

(70; 100)

0.050

Height (m)

1.75

(1.69; 1.8)

1.75

(1.7; 1.8)

1.75

(1.66; 1.8)

0.393

Body mass index (kg m^–2)

27.8

(24.5; 32.0)

29.3

(26.3; 33.8)

26.3

(24.2; 30.9)

0.028

Immunocompromised (%)^a

41

(38)

11

(26.8)

30

(44.8)

0.062

 Cirrhosis (%)

12

(11.1)

4

(9.8)

8

(11.9)

 Solid cancer (%)

10

(9.3)

2

(4.9)

8

(11.9)

 Haematological malignancies (%)

8

(7.4)

4

(9.8)

4

(6.0)

 Long-term corticosteroids (%)

5

(4.6)

0

(0.0)

5

(7.5)

 Solid organ transplantation (%)

3

(2.8)

1

(2.4)

2

(3.0)

 AIDS (%)

3

(2.8)

0

(0.0)

3

(4.5)

CNS dysfunction (%)^b

39

(36.1)

13

(31.7)

26

(38.8)

0.456

Bicarbonate infusion (%)

70

(64.8)

24

(58.5)

46

(68.7)

0.285

Cardiac arrest (%)

22

(20.4)

7

(17.1)

15

(22.4)

0.506

SOFA score

14

(12; 16)

13

(11; 15)

15

(12; 17)

< 0.001

SAPS II

63

(57; 73)

60

(56; 68)

65

(59; 75)

0.009

Prone positioning (%)

53

(49.1)

19

(46.3)

34

(50.7)

0.657

Neuromuscular blocker use (%)

103

(95.4)

40

(97.6)

63

(94)

0.397

 Bacterial pneumonia (%)

45

(41.7)

20

(48.8)

25

(37.3)

0.241

 H1N1 pneumonia (%)

19

(17.6)

7

(17.1)

12

(17.9)

0.912

 PEEP (mbar)

15

(12; 18)

15

(12; 18)

15

(14; 18)

0.420

 PIP = P_plat (mbar)

34.5

(30; 38)

34

(30.5; 35)

35

(30; 38)

0.384

 PaO₂/FiO₂ (mmHg)

72

(58; 91)

71

(60; 94)

73

(55; 91)

0.529

 F_iO₂ (%)

100

(92.5; 100)

100

(80; 100)

100

(100; 100)

0.058

 Mean airway pressure (mbar)

25

(22; 27)

25

(22; 26.5)

25

(22; 28)

0.231

 Minute ventilation (l min^–1)

9.2

(2.6)

9.3

(2.6)

9.2

(2.6)

0.829

 Respiratory rate (min^–1)

20

(19; 24)

20

(19.5; 23.5)

20

(19; 24)

0.860

 Interval MV-ECMO (h)

37

(17.3; 102)

26

(17; 84.5)

40

(19; 124)

0.140

 PaCO₂ (mmHg)

65

(54; 84)

66

(46; 75)

65

(59; 88)

0.201

 pH_a

7.20

(0.12)

7.24

(0.13)

7.17

(0.11)

0.005

 PaO₂ (mmHg)

68

(57; 81)

66

(58; 80)

69

(55; 84)

0.674

 SaO₂ (%)

91

(85.1; 94)

91

(86.9; 93)

90.6

(85; 94.3)

0.641

 Haemoglobin concentration (g dl^–1)

10.4

(9.2; 12.0)

10.7

(9.6; 12.6)

10.1

(9.2; 11.2)

0.115

 Lactate concentration (mmol l^–1)

2.8

(1.5; 5.9)

2.3

(1.3; 3.4)

4.1

(1.6; 8.5)

0.001

Bilirubin concentration (mg dl^–1)

0.7

(0.4; 1.4)

0.6

(0.4; 0.9)

1.0

(0.5; 1.7)

0.035

Creatinine concentration (mg dl^–1)

1.2

(0.9; 2.2)

1.2

(0.9; 1.8)

1.3

(0.9; 2.5)

0.168

Haematocrit (%)

33.9

(31.3; 37)

34

(32; 37.7)

32.8

(31; 36.4)

0.182

CRP concentration (mg dl^–1)

22.9

(15.0)

22.4

(16.8)

23.1

(13.8)

0.811

PCT concentration (ng ml^–1)

4.7

(1.0; 24.9)

5.4

(0.5; 15.3)

4.1

(1.8; 32.7)

0.155

Platelet concentration (×1000 μl^–1)

162

(90; 245)

209

(116; 286)

139

(69; 202)

0.005

 Heart rate (min^–1)

115

(100; 130)

109

(90; 120)

120

(103; 130)

0.015

 Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)

80

(72; 92)

87

(80; 104)

77

(70; 87)

< 0.001

 Norepinephrine dosage (μg kg^–1 min^–1)

0.62

(0.22; 1.91)

0.3

(0.1; 0.67)

0.95

(0.44; 3.06)

< 0.001

Pre-ECMO hospital stay (days)

4

(2; 9)

3

(1; 6)

4

(2; 12)

0.060

Lung injury score

3.0

(3.0; 3.3)

3.0

(2.8; 3.3)

3.3

(3.0; 3.5)

0.106