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Table 3 Complications and outcomes during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support

From: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for life-threatening asthma refractory to mechanical ventilation: analysis of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry

Variables

Total

N = 272

Survivor

N = 227

Non-survivor

N = 45

p

Mechanical

67 (24.6)

48 (21.1)

19 (42.2)

0.003

 Oxygenator failure

14 (5.1)

7 (3.1)

7 (15.6)

0.001

 Clots: oxygenator

31 (11.4)

26 (11.5)

5 (11.1)

0.947

 Clots: other

10 (3.7)

6 (2.6)

4 (8.9)

0.042

 Cannula problems

12 (4.4)

9 (4.0)

3 (6.7)

0.304

Total bleeding

77 (28.3)

52 (22.9)

25 (55.6)

< 0.001

 GI hemorrhage

7 (2.6)

5 (2.2)

2 (4.4)

0.386

 Cannulation site bleeding

37 (13.6)

25 (11.0)

12 (26.7)

0.005

 Surgical site bleeding

23 (8.5)

16 (7.0)

7 (15.6)

0.061

 Pulmonary hemorrhage

14 (5.1)

7 (3.1)

7 (15.6)

0.001

Neurologic

13 (4.8)

9 (4.0)

4 (8.9)

0.157

 Brain death

6 (2.2)

3 (1.3)

3 (6.7)

0.026

 Seizures

7 (2.6)

6 (2.6)

1 (2.2)

0.871

 Cerebral infarction

8 (2.9)

2 (0.9)

6 (13.3)

< 0.001

 Cerebral hemorrhage

12 (4.4)

7 (3.1)

5 (11.1)

0.017

Renal

73 (26.8)

55 (24.2)

18 (40)

0.029

 Dialysis required

54 (19.9)

39 (17.2)

15 (33.3)

0.013

Cardiovascular

71 (26.1)

57 (25.1)

14 (31.1)

0.402

Infection culture proven

45 (16.5)

34 (15.0)

11 (24.4)

0.118

Pneumothorax requiring treatment

14 (5.1)

12 (5.3)

2 (4.4)

0.815

Metabolic

61 (22.4)

50 (22.0)

11 (24.4)

0.722

Limb ischemia

7 (2.6)

5 (2.2)

2 (4.4)

0.386

Total complication

177 (65.1)

138 (60.8)

39 (86.7)

0.001

Weaning success

234 (86.7)

227 (100)

7 (15.6)

< 0.001

  1. Values are shown as number (%) or mean ± SD
  2. ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, GI gastrointestinal