Fig. 2
From: Complications of regional citrate anticoagulation: accumulation or overload?
Schematic view of a CRRT circuit with regional citrate administration in CVVHD mode. Alternative modes can be used (postdilution CVVH, combined pre- and postdilution CVVH, CVVHDF, etc.) according to the protocol used. Citrate solution is administered at the beginning of the CRRT circuit. It forms citrate–calcium complexes, which are largely removed from the blood at the level of the filter. Only complexes which are not removed through the hemofilter return to the patient’s blood and need to be metabolized