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Table 3 Sedation used during the 7 days of study in patient cases and controls

From: Chloral hydrate enteral infusion for sedation in ventilated children: the CHOSEN pilot study

Variable

Group

Day 1

Day 2

Day 3

Day 4

Day 5

Day 6

Day 7

Doses of sedation given prn (excluding chloral hydrate) (number of doses (SD))

 Total

CHOSEN

N = 21 (12 h)

N = 20

N = 17

N = 12

N = 8

N = 7

N = 5

2.6 (2.8)

3.5 (3.5)

3.5 (4.7)

2.6 (2.2)

4.5 (3.3)

4.7 (4.8)

4.8 (3.9)

Control

N = 21 (12 h)

N = 20

N = 14

N = 10

N = 6

N = 4

N = 3

3.4 (5.0)

2.4 (2.9)

2.4 (3.5)

3.0 (3.1)

1.8 (1.7)

2.3 (1.5)

1.0 (1.0)

p value

0.54

0.29

0.45

0.72

0.10

0.35

0.16

Description of chloral hydrate dosing (mg/kg/day; and mg/kg/h infusion)

 Total chloral dose given

CHOSEN

N = 21

N = 20

N = 17

N = 11

N = 8

N = 7

N = 5

116 (50)

160 (50)

138 (84)

140 (81)

152 (74)

143 (91)

134 (86)

Control

N = 21

N = 20

N = 14

N = 10

N = 6

N = 4

N = 3

38 (34)

42 (49)

37 (34)

75 (117)

64 (43)

40 (32)

33 (29)

p value

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

0.15

0.02

0.03

0.06

 Highest chloral infusion rate

CHOSEN

6.4 (1.0)

7.4 (2.3)

7.2 (2.1)

7.7 (2.0)

6.6 (2.7)

6.7 (3.3)

6.4 (2.7)

7 (IQR 5, 9)

8.9 (IQR 5.9, 9)

8 (IQR 5.6, 9)

8.8 (IQR 7, 9)

7.1 (IQR 4, 9)

8.8 (IQR 3.3, 9)

5.2 (IQR 2.5, 9)

Inotrope requirements while on chloral hydrate (inotrope score (SD))

 Highest inotrope score

CHOSEN

N = 21

N = 20

N = 17

N = 12

N = 8

N = 7

N = 5

0.5 (1.5)

0.9 (2.3)

1.1 (3.3)

1.3 (3.7)

1.8 (3.9)

1.1 (3.0)

1.0 (2.2)

Control

N = 21

N = 20

N = 14

N = 11

N = 6

N = 4

N = 3

1.5 (4.6)

0.7 (1.7)

0.6 (1.6)

0.9 (3.0)

1.0 (2.4)

1.0 (2.0)

0 (0)

p value

0.37

0.76

0.67

0.75

0.69

0.94

0.48

 On inotropes (absolute score)

CHOSEN

3/21 (14%)

3/20(15%)

2/17(12%)

2/12(17%)

2/8(25%)

1/7 (14%)

1/5(20%)

1,5,5,

5,5,8

5,13

5,11

3,11

8

5

Control

3/21 (14%)

3/20 (15%)

2/14 (14%)

1/11 (9%)

1/6 (17%)

1/4 (25%)

0

3, 8, 20

4, 5, 5

4, 5

10

6

4

Use of other sedation infusions (number/patients on study; dose (SD))

 Morphine (mcg/kg/h)

CHOSEN

21/21

20/20

15/17

10/12

6/8

6/7

4/5

49 (17)

45 (18)

40 (20)

33 (18)

36 (19)

33 (21)

40 (22)

Control

12/21

11/20

8/14

6/11

5/6

4/4

2/3

36 (19)

36 (21)

36 (21)

37 (24)

34 (17)

30 (18)

10 (0)

p value

0.001

0.001

0.10

0.19

0.99

0.99

0.99

0.06

0.26

0.70

0.73

0.87

0.80

0.14

 Midazolam (mcg/kg/min)

CHOSEN

16/21

17/20

9/17a

6/12

3/8

3/7

1/5

2.1 (0.9)

1.6 (0.7)

1.7 (0.6)

1.6 (0.9)

1.3 (0.8)

2.7 (2.1)

2

Control

8/21

7/20

6/14

4/11

2/6

2/4

1/3

2.3 (1.5)

2.5 (1.7)

2.6 (2.0)

3.0 (2.2)

1.5 (0.7)

1.5 (0.7)

1

p value

0.03

0.003

0.72

0.68

0.99

0.99

0.99

0.68

0.07

0.34

0.18

0.82

0.52

0.99

  1. Data given as n (%), mean (SD), or median (IQR). Comparisons by Fisher’s exact and t test or paired t test, as appropriate
  2. aThere was a statistically significant decrease in proportion of patients on midazolam infusion between day 2 and day 3 in the CHOSEN group (p = 0.03 by chi-square) but not in the control group (p = 0.64)
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Critical Care

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