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Table 2 Laboratory tests and endothelial biomarkers

From: Markers of acute kidney injury in patients with sepsis: the role of soluble thrombomodulin

 

All (n = 514)

Non-AKI (n = 163)

AKI (n = 351)

P value

Laboratory tests

 WBC, 109/L

9.9 (4.2–15.0)

9.5 (5.0–14.2)

10.1 (3.7–15.2)

0.255

 Hb, g/L

105 (89–121)

107 (93–122)

104 (86–120)

0.023

 CRP, mg/L

128 (62–225)

105 (41–186)

137 (70–242)

0.002

 Alb, g/L

24 (20–28)

24 (21–28)

23 (19–28)

0.013

 T-Bil, μmol/L

15.2 (10.8–24.8)

15.6 (11.1–23.8)

15.0 (10.6–25.8)

0.395

 Lactate, mmol/L

2.2 (1.4–3.7)

1.9 (1.2–2.7)

2.5 (1.5–4.6)

<0.0001

 BNP, ng/L

136.7 (50.6–395.1)

70.2 (29.8–204.8)

175.0 (68.1–522.7)

0.0003

Renal parameters

 BUN, mmol/L

8.9 (5.4–14.6)

5.4 (3.9–7.9)

11.4 (7.5–16.6)

<0.0001

 Creatinine, μmol/L

89.7 (61.0–162.9)

57.5 (47.7–69.0)

127.3 (84.9–206.9)

<0.0001

 Creatinine, mg/dl

1.02 (0.69–1.84)

0.65 (0.54–0.78)

1.44 (0.96–2.34)

<0.0001

 Cystatin C, mg/L

1.29 (0.91–2.02)

0.86 (0.72–1.03)

1.65 (1.14–2.29)

<0.0001

Coagulation biomarkers

 Platelets, 109/L

144 (91–207)

167 (127–238)

131 (78–193)

<0.0001

 FDP, mg/L

16.7 (10.0–27.6)

13.6 (8.9–21.7)

18.9 (10.9–30.5)

0.049

 PT, %

56.4 (44.3–70.3)

63.3 (50.3–75.8)

52.4 (42.5–67.6)

<0.0001

 Fib, mg/dl

343 (242–487)

373 (261–528)

333 (234–471)

0.076

 α2-PI, %

75.2 (57.9–97.2)

82.0 (63.3–102.0)

73.6 (56.9–94.0)

0.029

 AT III, %

53.7 (41.9–69.0)

60.4 (45.5–76.3)

51.5 (39.3–63.0)

<0.0001

 Plasminogen, %

61.4 (46.2–80.3)

66.9 (52.9–88.8)

59.7 (43.6–77.6)

0.0002

 TAT, ng/ml

11.1 (6.2–20.0)

9.2 (5.4–16.7)

12.4 (6.7–21.5)

0.088

 PIC, μg/ml

1.3 (0.8–2.1)

1.2 (0.8–1.9)

1.3 (0.8–2.2)

0.613

Endothelial activation

 Protein C, %

49.6 (36.3–66.4)

58.7 (44.2–74.0)

45.9 (33.6–63.6)

<0.0001

 sTM, U/ml

21.1 (15.4–31.5)

15.6 (12.6–20.5)

23.6 (17.0–38.8)

<0.0001

 E-selectin, ng/ml

55.2 (36.2–98.2)

46.2 (32.3–67.5)

65.5 (40.2–131.0)

0.0497

 PAI-1, ng/ml

116.3 (53.8–290.8)

75.3 (40.3–150.7)

180.4 (68.0–519.1)

0.018

Other definitions

 No renal SOFA

6 (4–9)

5 (3–7)

7 (5–9)

<0.0001

 Overt DIC

24.5%

10.1%

31.6%

<0.0001

 Septic shock

45.7%

29.5%

53.3%

<0.0001

  1. Abbreviations: AKI Acute kidney injury, Alb Albumin, AT III Antithrombin III, BNP Brain natriuretic peptide, BUN Blood urea nitrogen, CRP C-reactive protein, DIC Disseminated intravascular coagulation, FDP Fibrin degradation product, Hb Hemoglobin, PAI-1 Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, α 2 -PI α2-Plasminogen inhibitor, PIC Plasmin-α2-plasmin inhibitor complex, PT Prothrombin time, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, sTM Soluble thrombomodulin, TAT Thrombin-antithrombin complex, T-Bil Total bilirubin, WBC White blood cell