Table 1 Characteristics of the patients according to global acute gastrointestinal injury grade
Characteristics | AGI grade I (n = 115) | AGI grade II (n = 232) | AGI grade III (n = 97) | AGI grade IV (n = 26) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 67.7 ± 16.0 | 64.7 ± 18.3 | 64.6 ± 18.1 | 64.4 ± 15.9 | 0.54 |
Male sex, n (%) | 75 (65.2) | 157 (67.6) | 70 (72.2) | 22 (84.6) | 0.20 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 21.8 ± 4.04 | 21.8 ± 2.70 | 22.2 ± 3.43 | 21.9 ± 1.95 | 0.68 |
NRS 2002 | 2.13 ± 1.27 | 2.21 ± 1.20 | 2.22 ± 1.21 | 2.62 ± 1.38 | 0.42 |
Source of ICU admission | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.38 |
 Medical, n (%) | 68 (59.1) | 149 (64.2) | 67(69.1) | 18 (69.3) |  |
 Surgical, n (%) | 21 (18.2) | 30 (12.9) | 16 (16.5) | 5 (19.2) |  |
 Emergency, n (%) | 26 (22.7) | 53 (22.8) | 14 (14.4) | 3 (11.5) |  |
Use of vasoactive druga, n (%) | 30 (26.1) | 81 (34.9) | 43 (44.3) | 14 (53.8) | 0.012 |
Systolic blood pressurea, mmHg | 114.2 ± 21.5 | 107.1 ± 22.5 | 105.7 ± 24.1 | 97.4 ± 22.1 | 0.01 |
Diastolic blood pressurea, mmHg | 63.0 ± 16.0 | 57.8 ± 15.4 | 56.4 ± 12.3 | 52.2 ± 12.5 | 0.003 |
Central venous pressurea, mmHg | 7.92 ± 2.85 | 8.33 ± 3.89 | 8.80 ± 4.23 | 8.16 ± 2.57 | 0.60 |
Heart ratea, beats/minute | 103.3 ± 24.4 | 109.6 ± 23.2 | 115.1 ± 24.6 | 123.7 ± 26.1 | 0.002 |
Hemoglobina, mg/dl | 10.7 ± 2.06 | 10.6 ± 2.74 | 10.8 ± 2.72 | 11.9 ± 3.28 | 0.11 |
Albumina, mg/dl | 32.4 ± 5.78 | 31.1 ± 6.34 | 29.6 ± 7.30 | 31.7 ± 6.96 | 0.012 |
Glucosea, mmol/L | 8.83 ± 3.43 | 8.98 ± 4.03 | 9.63 ± 4.82 | 9.91 ± 4.26 | 0.28 |
Serum creatininea, μmol/L | 79.4 (56.2–89.1) | 88.1 (82.8–93.8) | 108.4 (99.5–118.0) | 121.6 (94.2–157.1) | <0.0001 |
Serum lactatea, mmol/L | 1.59 (1.35–1.87) | 1.92 (1.76–2.08) | 2.35 (2.27–2.60) | 2.41 (1.79–3.24) | 0.0004 |
Related disorders | |||||
 Sepsis, n (%) | 28 (24.3) | 63 (27.2) | 35 (36.1) | 8 (30.8) | 0.20 |
 Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 20 (17.4) | 32 (13.8) | 17 (14.4) | 5 (19.2) | 0.35 |
 Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 21 (18.3) | 29 (12.5) | 13 (13.4) | 4 (15.4) | 0.43 |
 Acute kidney injury, n (%) | 14 (12.2) | 38 (16.4) | 30 (30.9) | 13 (50.0) | 0.005 |
Renal replacement therapy, n (%) | 7 (6.09) | 18 (7.75) | 20 (20.6) | 10 (38.4) | <0.001 |
Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 90 (78.3) | 196 (84.5) | 84 (86.6) | 25 (96.2) | 0.26 |
Supplemental parenteral nutrition, n (%) | 14 (12.2) | 40 (17.2) | 22 (22.7) | 6 (30.8) | 0.07 |
Intra-abdominal pressurea, mmHg | 8.12 ± 2.52 | 9.09 ± 2.92 | 10.3 ± 4.70 | 10.4 ± 5.09 | 0.001 |
Gastric residual volumesa, ml | 35.0 ± 25.1 | 56.6 ± 53.6 | 115.1 ± 95.4 | 135.0 ± 127.4 | 0.002 |
Calorie intake of EN on third day in ICU | 1203 ± 192 | 925 ± 178 | 792 ± 166 | 384 ± 152 | <0.001 |
Calorie intake of EN on seventh day in ICU | 1449 ± 208 | 1291 ± 194 | 825 ± 181 | 520 ± 165 | <0.001 |
SOFA scorea | 8.0 5 ± 4.62 | 8.46 ± 3.74 | 9.32 ± 4.58 | 11.0 ± 5.22 | 0.03 |
APACHE II scorea | 18.3 ± 6.81 | 19.3 ± 6.84 | 20.6 ± 7.61 | 21.9 ± 8.18 | 0.01 |
New-onset of infection after admission, n (%) | 16 (13.9) | 55 (23.7) | 24 (25.1) | 9 (34.6) | 0.07 |
Duration of mechanical ventilation, days | 4.37 (3.29–5.80) | 6.89 (5.97–7.95) | 8.06 (6.95–9.36) | 6.63 (4.34–10.1) | 0.002 |
Duration of ICU (day) | 8.74 (6.85–11.2) | 12.4 (11.0–14.0) | 11.9 (10.5–13.3) | 8.15 (6.73–12.4) | 0.01 |
28-day mortality, n (%) | 22 (19.1) | 62 (26.7) | 42 (43.2) | 20 (76.9) | <0.001 |
60-day mortality, n (%) | 24 (20.9) | 72 (31.0) | 46 (47.4) | 21 (80.8) | <0.001 |