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Table 5 Patients who underwent IICPM and died prior to discharge

From: Protocol based invasive intracranial pressure monitoring in acute liver failure: feasibility, safety and impact on management

Patient number

Etiology

LT (yes/no)

Sustained ICP elevation (yes/no)

TIL (basic)

ICP control achieved?

Cause of death

1

Hepatitis B

Yes

Yes

2

Yes

Cardiac arrest from blood loss during transplantation

2

Idiopathic

No

No

1

Yes

Severe sepsis, multi-organ failure, absence of liver recovery, withdrawal life support

3

Phenytoin

No

No

1

Yes

Absence of liver recovery, progressive multi-organ failure and withdrawal life support

4

Acetaminophen

No

No

1

Yes

Absence of spontaneous liver recovery, progressive multi-organ failure and withdrawal life support

5

Acetaminophen

No

Yes

4

Yes

Absence of liver recovery, progressive multi-organ failure and withdrawal life support

6

Acetaminophen

No

No

1

Yes

Absence of liver recovery, progressive multi-organ failure and withdrawal life support

7

Acetaminophen

No

Yes

4

No

Progression to brain death

8

Acetaminophen

No

Yes

4

Yes

Absence of liver recovery, progressive multi-organ failure and withdrawal life support

9

Acetaminophen

No

Yes

2

Yes

ICP controlled but multiple infarcts including cerebellar stroke on imaging thought to be from prior high ICP and hypoperfusion. Withdrawal of life support for likely devastating neurological injury

10

Idiopathic

No

Yes

4

Yes

Absence of liver recovery, progressive multi-organ failure and withdrawal life support

11

Acetaminophen

No

No

1

Yes

Absence of liver recovery, progressive multi-organ failure and withdrawal life support

12

Hepatitis A, EBV

No

Yes

3

Yes

Severe sepsis and multi-organ failure despite ICP control and laboratory evidence of liver recovery

  1. Descriptive table of patients who underwent invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring (IICPM), and were dead at discharge, with individual cause of death. LT liver transplantation, TIL therapeutic intensity level, EBV Epstein-Barr virus