A randomized trial of supplemental parenteral nutrition in underweight and overweight critically ill patients: the TOP-UP pilot trial

Table 3 Primary outcome: calorie and protein delivery

	EN only (n = 71)	SPN + EN (OLIMEL) (n = 49)	Difference mean, % (95% CI)	p value
Evaluable days	11 ± 7	11 ± 8	0 (−2 to 3)	0.765
Evaluable days in first week	6 ± 2	6 ± 2	0 (−1 to 1)	0.992
Calorie prescription	1844 ± 420	1728 ± 444	−116 (−275 to 42)	0.149
Protein prescription	106 ± 30	100 ± 31	−6 (−17 to 6)	0.319
% of prescribed kcal/protein received
EN only
Calories first 27 days	70 ± 26	67 ± 25	−3 (−12 to 7)	0.551
Calories first 7 days	68 ± 28	68 ± 27	−1 (−11 to 9)	0.905
Protein first 27 days	66 ± 26	60 ± 23	−5 (−14 to 3)	0.231
Protein in first 7 days	63 ± 26	61 ± 25	−3 (-12 to 7)	0.566
PN + EN
Calories first 27 days	72 ± 25	90 ± 16	18 (11 to 25)	<0.001
Calories first 7 days	69 ± 28	95 ± 13	26 (18 to 34)	<0.001
Protein first 27 days	68 ± 25	82 ± 19	13 (6 to 21)	<0.001
Protein in first 7 days	64 ± 26	86 ± 16	22 (14 to 29)	<0.001

Values are means ± standard deviations, unless noted otherwise. P values and 95% CIs were calculated by the independent t test for unequal variance. Only days after the date of randomization and before date of ICU discharge or death are considered evaluable days. Days where oral feeding was indicated as the reason for not receiving EN or PN have also been excluded. Two patients randomized to the EN arm and three patients randomized to the SPN + EN arm had no evaluable days and are thus excluded from this analysis. All calories exclude propofol but include protein supplementation. PN includes both study PN and non-study PN
Abbreviations: CI confidence interval, EN enteral nutrition, PN parenteral nutrition, SPN supplemental parenteral nutrition

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