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Table 3 Meta-analysis of outcomes of early versus late RRT in patients with AKI post cardiac surgery

From: Early versus late initiation of renal replacement therapy impacts mortality in patients with acute kidney injury post cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis

Outcomes or subgroup analysis

Studies

Study reference number

Patients

OR/MD (95% CI)

I 2

P

Primary outcomes: the effect of early versus late RRT on mortality

Mortality at 28 days

15

[17,18,19,20, 23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33]

1479

0.36 (0.23, 0.57)]

60%

<0.01

Secondary outcomes: the relationship between early versus late RRT and mortality

ICU LOS

8

[18, 23,24,25,26,27, 29, 30]

745

MD -2.50 (-3.53, -1.47)

88%

<0.01

Hospital LOS

8

[18, 20, 24,25,26,27, 29, 30]

887

MD -0.69 (-1.13, -0.25)]

88%

0.002

Duration of RRT

5

[20, 24, 26, 27, 30]

599

MD -1.18 (-2.26, -0.11)

69%

0.03

Subgroup analysis: the effect of the time of starting early RRT on mortality

RRT initiation within 12 h

6

[18, 19, 23, 30, 32, 33]

429

0.23 (0.08, 0.63)

73%

0.005

RRT initiation within 24 h

4

[17, 20, 24, 26]

562

0.52 (0.28, 0.95)

58%

0.03

RRT initiation within 48 h

3

[25, 28, 29]

265

0.43 (0.17, 1.09)

15%

0.08

Subgroup analysis: the relationship between RRT modality and mortality

CRRT

8

[18, 19, 23, 24, 26, 29, 30, 33]

668

0.36 (0.19, 0.67)

55%

0.001

IHD

5

[20, 25, 28, 31, 32]

384

0.27 (0.11, 0.66)

50%

0.004

CRRT/IHD

2

[17, 27]

427

0.53 (0.15, 1.86)

89%

0.32

Subgroup analysis: the relationship between study design and mortality

RCTs

5

[17, 18, 23, 25, 33]

426

0.41 (0.14, 1.24)

74%

0.11

Cohort studies

10

[19, 20, 24, 26,27,28,29,30,31,32]

1053

0.33 (0.23, 0.46)

15%

<0.00001

Subgroup analysis: the relationship between AKI classification on the basis of 2012 KDIGO criteria and mortality

KDIGO 1

7

[18, 19, 23, 25, 27, 29, 30]

762

0.40 (0.23, 0.69)

46%

0.001

KDIGO 2

2

[32, 33]

99

0.04 (0.01, 0.15)

0%

<0.00001

KDIGO 3

2

[24, 26]

125

0.31 (0.14, 0.66)

0%

0.003

Unclassified

4

[17, 20, 28, 31]

493

0.66 (0.41, 1.07)

23%

0.09

  1. Abbreviations: RRT renal replacement therapy, AKI acute kidney injury, RCT randomized controlled trials, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, ICU intensive care unit, CRRT continuous renal replacement therapy, IHD Intermittent hemodialysis, LOS length of stay, MD, mean difference, KDIGO Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes
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