Table 2 Characteristics and outcomes by fluid intake categories

Hospital mortality (n (%))

153 (34.9%)

289 (30.7%)

116 (24.1%)

43 (20.8%)

<0.001

ICU LOS (median (IQR))

3.6 (5.3–13.6)

3.7 (2.7–6.0)

3.5 (2.7–5.9)

4.0 (2.8–9.7)

0.023

AKI (n (%))

141 (32.2%)

226 (24.0%)

67 (13.9%)

30 (14.5%)

<0.001

Maximum SOFA score (median (IQR))

6 (4–9)

6 (3–8)

6 (3–8)

7 (4–9)

0.454

Maximum SAPS (median (IQR))

14 (11–17)

14 (11–17)

14 (12–18)

16 (10–19)

<0.001

Diuretics (n (%))

202 (46.1%)

416 (44.2%)

124 (25.7%)

36 (17.3%)

<0.001

Blood products (n (%))

50 (11.4%)

231 (24.5%)

144 (29.8%)

65 (31.4%)

<0.001

Intravenous fluid intake (ml/kg/48 hours)

13.3 ± 0.4

34.0 ± 0.4

63.5 ± 0.7

93.7 ± 1.2

<0.001

Oral fluid intake (ml/kg/48 hours)

8.2 ± 0.3

10.3 ± 0.3

9.1 ± 0.5

11.0 ± 1.0

<0.001

Fluid balance (ml/kg/48 hours)

–25.4 ± 19.0

–21.4 ± 18.1

–18.5 ± 15.9

–19.4 ± 18.1

<0.001