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Table 2 Characteristics of cardiac arrest in comatose patients who underwent brain CT scans after ECPR

From: The association of findings on brain computed tomography with neurologic outcomes following extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation

 

Good neurological outcome (n = 19)

Poor neurological outcome (n = 23)

Total (n = 42)

p value

Type of cardiac arrest (n (%))

   

0.999

 Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

3 (15.8)

4 (17.4)

7 (16.7)

 

 In-hospital cardiac arrest

16 (84.2)

19 (82.6)

35 (83.3)

 

Bystander-witnessed cardiac arrest (n (%))

19 (100.0)

23 (100.0)

42 (100.0)

 

Bystander-performed CPR (n (%))

17 (89.5)

23 (100.0)

40 (95.2)

0.199

First monitored rhythm (n (%))

   

0.714

 Asystole

2 (10.5)

3 (13.0)

5 (11.9)

 

 Pulseless electrical activity

8 (42.1)

11 (47.8)

19 (45.2)

 

 Shockable rhythm (VT or VF)

8 (42.1)

9 (39.1)

17 (40.5)

 

Defibrillation (n (%))

10 (55.6)

13 (56.5)

23 (56.1)

0.951

ROSC before ECMO insertion (n (%))

8 (44.4)

12 (52.2)

20 (48.8)

0.623

CPR to ECMO pump-on time, min (median (IQR))

43.5 (19.0–55.0)

47.0 (33.5–56.0)

45.0 (27.0–55.0)

0.430

Location of ECMO insertion (n (%))

   

0.507

 Intensive care unit

6 (31.6)

5 (21.7)

11 (26.2)

 

 Cath room

3 (15.8)

7 (30.4)

10 (23.8)

 

 Emergency room

10 (52.6)

10 (43.5)

20 (47.6)

 

 Operation room

0 (0)

1 (4.3)

1 (2.4)

 

Cardiac cause of arrest (n (%))

17 (89.5)

18 (78.3)

35 (83.3)

0.371

 Acute coronary syndrome

3 (15.8)

7 (30.4)

10 (23.8)

 

  STEMI

1 (5.3)

3 (13.0)

4 (9.5)

 

  NSTEMI

1 (5.3)

3 (13.0)

4 (9.5)

 

  Unstable angina

1 (5.3)

1 (4.3)

2 (4.8)

 

 Cardiomyopathy

1 (5.3)

0 (0)

1 (2.4)

 

 Acute aortic syndrome

0 (0)

2 (8.7)

2 (4.8)

 

 Pulmonary thromboembolism

3 (17.6)

3 (13.0)

6 (14.3)

 

 Refractory arrhythmia

5 (26.3)

4 (17.4)

9 (21.4)

 

 Left ventricular wall rupture

4 (21.1)

1 (4.3)

5 (11.9)

 

 Other

1 (5.3)

1 (4.3)

2 (4.8)

 
  1. CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation, CT computed tomography, ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ECPR extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, IQR interquartile range, NSTEMI non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, ROSC return of spontaneous circulation, STEMI ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, VT ventricular tachycardia, VF ventricular fibrillation