Fig. 5

Renal histological changes and renal expressions of eNOS and iNOS during septic shock and resuscitation. a Representative periodic acid Schiff staining in the kidneys of the control, LPS, LPS + FR, and LPS + BT rats (original magnification × 400) and tubular injury scores in the four groups. Tubular vacuolization images of the LPS and LPS + FR groups further demonstrate the considerable tubular vacuolization (asterisks) as well as the loss of the brush border in the renal tubule (closed arrows). b Quantification of the tubular injury scores in the kidney sections. c Quantification of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) staining intensities (H-score) in the kidney sections. d Quantification of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) staining intensities (H-score) in the kidney sections. The values are shown as mean ± SEM. ^### P < 0.001, versus control; **P < 0.01, versus LPS; ^† P <0.05, ^††† P <0.001, versus LPS + FR. BT blood transfusion, FR fluid resuscitation, LPS lipopolysaccharide