Table 1 Patient characteristics of all patients and comparison between survivors and non-survivors

Age, years

58

±18

55

±18

67

±14

<0.001

Sex, male, n (%)

305

62%

191

64%

93

56%

0.135

BMI, kg/m²

25.2

±4.3

25.5

±4.4

24.6

±4.3

0.042

 Underweight², n (%)

19

4.1%

11

3.7%

8

4.8%

0.291

 Normal weight², n (%)

238

51.3%

145

48.5%

93

56.4%

 Overweight², n (%)

158

34.1%

108

36.1%

50

30.3%

 Obesity², n (%)

49

10.6%

35

11.7%

14

8.5%

APACHE II score

24

±8

22

±8

27

±8

<0.001

Admission category, n (%)

0.001

 Medical

248

50.5%

130

43%

102

62%

 Surgical

243

49.5%

169

57%

63

38%

Admission diagnosis, n (%)

<0.001

 Cardiovascular

32

6.5%

18^a

6.0%

14^a

8.5%

 Metabolic/renal

15

3.1%

8^a

2.7%

6^a

3.6%

 Neurologic

41

8.4%

19^a

6.4%

16^a

9.7%

 Post-resuscitation

28

5.7%

16^a

5.4%

11^a

6.7%

 Post-surgery

149

30.3%

95^a

31.8%

50^a

30.3%

 Respiratory insufficiency

68

13.8%

40^a

13.4%

25^a

15.2%

 Sepsis

31

6.3%

14^a

4.7%

15^a

9.1%

 Trauma

94

19.1%

74^a

24.7%

13^b

7.9%

 Other

33

6.7%

15^a

5.0%

15^a

9.1%

Length of hospital stay before ICU admission, days

0

0–4

0

0–4

0

0–6

0.166

Time from ICU admission to CT scan, days

0

0–1

0

0–1

0

0–1

0.277

Skeletal muscle area, cm²

136.5

±39.0

143.5

±38.9

120.3

±33.0

<0.001

Skeletal muscle index, cm²/m²

44.8

±11.0

46.6

±10.6

40.4

±9.9

<0.001

Low skeletal muscle area³, n (%)

312

63.5%

163

54.5%

137

83.0%

<0.001

SMD, HU

29.9

±11.7

31.4

±11.7

25.1

±9.4

<0.001

IMAT, cm²

13.6

8.4–24.3

13.3

7.9–23.2

17.1

10.5–27.1

0.004

Visceral adipose tissue, cm² (n = 337)

96.7

49.3–170.6

95.8

50.9–178.1

108.1

54.1–177.5

0.593

Subcutaneous adipose tissue, cm² (n = 337)

132.7

90.2–182.4

133.7

89.8–189.2

127.7

95.7–176.2

0.440