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Table 2 Efficacy of the intravascular versus surface devices during induction and maintenance/rewarming phases

From: Intravascular versus surface cooling for targeted temperature management after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest – an analysis of the TTM trial data

Performance metric

Intravascular

Surface device

p value

Induction (33 °C group; n = 195); 52 intravascular versus 143 surface)

Time to target temperature (minutes)

210 [180]

240 [180]

0.58

Maximum cooling rate in induction phase (°C/hour)

1 [0.7]

1 [0.9]

0.44

Number of patients achieving target temperature in 4 hours

34, 65%

86, 60%

0.30

Number of patients achieving target temperature ever

52, [100]

140, [97]

0.47

Episodes of overcooling

4, 8%

49, 34%

0.15

Maintenance and rewarming (33 and 36 °C groups; n = 844); 226 intravascular versus 618 surface)

Cumulative deviation out of range (°C hours)

3.2 [5.0]

9.3 [8.0]

<0.001

Number of patients out of range

127, 57.0%

568, 91.5%

0.006

Time out of range (hours)

1 [4.0]

8.0 [9.0]

<0.001

Number of patients with temperature ≥37.5 °C

33 °C

4, 3%

41, 12%

0.44

36 °C

27, 23%

153, 47%

0.99

  1. Values are n,% or median [IQR] as appropriate