Fig. 1

Basic characteristic sonographic patterns. The basic characteristic sonographic patterns are illustrated (left) and described according to distinctive features (right). a A lines are characteristic lines parallel to the pleural line. b B lines are long, vertical, hyperechoic, and dynamic lines originating from the pleural line, moving with lung sliding. c Lung consolidation is a tissue-like echotexture of the lung with or without a bronchogram. d The lung point is a point of contact between normal lung sliding (sandy sign) and the absence of lung sliding (barcode sign). e Pleural effusion is an echo-free zone (P tissue-like echotexture of the lung, E pleural effusion)