Plasma cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 are associated with the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with severe traumatic brain injury

Table 2 Comparison of plasma cytokines among patients who had or did not have ARDS

Cytokine	Normal ranges (pg/mL)	ARDS median (25^th, 75^th) (min–max)	No ARDS median (25^th, 75^th) (min–max)	P value
Cytokine	Normal ranges (pg/mL)	(n = 51)	(n = 144)	P value
IL-12p70 (n = 194)	0–6	3.9 (2.2, 5.9) (0.1–163.6)	3.8 (2.7, 5.4) (0.2–40.7)	0.882
IL-10 (n = 195)	0–18	14.5 (8.1, 34.8) (0.2–147.6)	10.0 (6.1, 18.6) (0.2–98.2)	0.008
IL-8 (n = 194)	0–5	158.1 (45.0, 284.0) (0.04–2504.0)	57.4 (26.0, 135.1) (0.1–7393.0)	<0.001
IL-6 (n = 195)	0–5	568.2 (224.4, 2278.0) (5.9–18,950)	241.2 (92.7, 638.8) (3.0–21,330.0)	<0.001
IL-1β (n = 195)	0–39	5.4 (3.1, 9.0) (0.1–54)	4.7 (3.2, 8.3) (0.1–142.8)	0.702
Nitric oxide (n = 193)	Not available	1.7 (1.3, 2.5) (0.01– 14.8)	1.5 (1.0, 2.4) (0.01–7.3)	0.266
TNF-α (n = 195)	0–22	3.8 (1.8, 6.2) (0.1–38.8)	3.9 (3.2, 5.4) (0.3– 95.9)	0.743

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