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Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics by incident

From: Plasma cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 are associated with the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with severe traumatic brain injury

Characteristic

Developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (Berlin definition)

Did not develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (Berlin definition)

P value

(n = 52)

(n = 148)

Age (years), median (IQR)

29.0 (19.5)

30.0 (23.0)

0.87

Male sex, n (%)

50 (96.2)

123 (83.1)

0.03

Race, n (%)

 black

8 (15.4)

35 (23.6)

0.44

 white

16 (30.8)

32 (21.6)

 

 Hispanic

27 (51.9)

76 (51.4)

 

 Asian

1 (1.9)

5 (3.4)

 

Emergency room sum Glasgow Coma Scale

  > 8

7 (13.5)

38 (25.7)

0.04

 6–8

21 (40.4)

68 (45.9)

 

 3–5

24 (46.2)

42 (28.4)

 

Emergency room sum Glasgow Coma Scale, median (IQR)

6.0 (5.0)

7.0 (4.0)

0.02

Marshall classification on computed tomography

 mild diffuse injury I–II

23 (44.2)

66 (44.6)

0.22

 severe diffuse injury III–IV

16 (30.8)

30 (20.3)

 

 mass lesion

13 (25.0)

52 (35.1)

 

Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, median (IQR)

24.0 (11.0)

19.0 (7.0)

<0.001

Abbreviated Injury Severity Score, median (IQR)

32.0 (14.5)

28.0 (10.0)

0.01

Intracranial pressure (n = 197), median (IQR)

14.0 (12.0)

14.0 (12.0)

0.84

Mechanism of injury, n (%)

 assault

7 (13.5)

15 (10.1)

0.93

 fall/jump

7 (13.5)

20 (13.5)

 

 motor vehicle

28 (53.8)

88 (59.5)

 

 Motorcycle

9 (17.3)

22 (14.9)

 

 Other

1 (1.9)

3 (2.0)

 

Surgery on admission, n (%)

14 (26.9)

57 (38.5)

0.18

Pre-hospital hypotension, n (%)

7 (13.5)

18 (12.2)

0.81

Pre-hospital hypoxia

16 (30.8)

23 (15.5)

0.02

Time (days) from injury to ALI, median (IQR)

3.0 (3.0)