Study | Patients | Number | Temperature criteria at inclusion | Baseline temperature in the treatment group | Antipyretic method | Duration of treatment | Primary end point | Main results | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SIRS and Sepsis | Gozolli et al. [41] | SIRS | 38 | ≥38.5 °C | 39 (SD 0.3) | Surface cooling | Up to fever resolution (≤37.5 °C) | Temperature difference | Similar temperature and comfort evolution |
Bernard et al. [15] | Severe sepsis | 455 | Nonea | 37.9 (SE 0.2) | NSAID: IV ibuprofen 10 mg/kg/6 h | 48 h | 30-day mortality | Lower temperature in the treatment group | |
No difference in mortality | |||||||||
Memis et al. [50] | Severe sepsis | 40 | Nonea | 37.8 (SD 0.75) | NSAID: IV lornoxicam 8 mg/12 h | 72 h | Anti-inflammatory effects | Similar temperature evolution | |
Schortgen et al. [27] | Septic shock | 200 | ≥38.3 °C | 38.8 (IQR 38.6–39.2) | TTM 36.5–37 °C with surface cooling | 48 h | Dose of vasopressor | Less vasopressor requirement and 14-day mortality in the treatment group | |
Janz [48] | Severe sepsis | 40 | Nonea | 37.7 (IQR 37–38.5) | IV paracetamol 1 g/6 h | 3 days | Antioxidant effect | Lower maximal temperature in the treatment group | |
Young et al. [29] | Suspected infection | 700 | ≥38 °C | 38.5 (SD 0.5) | IV paracetamol 1 g/ 6 h | Up to fever resolution (<37.5 °C, 24 h) or day 28 | ICU-free days up to day 28. | Lower temperature in the treatment group | |
No difference in ICU-free days | |||||||||
Acute brain injury | den Hertog et al. [35] | Stroke | 1400 | Between 36 and 39 °C | 36.9 (SD 0.6) | Enteral paracetamol 1 g/4 h | 72 h | Modified Rankin scale at 3 months | Lower temperature in the treatment group |
No difference in neurological outcome | |||||||||
Saxena et al. [46] | TBI | 41 | Between 36 and 39 °C | 37.3 (SD 0.8) | IV paracetamol 1 g/4 h | 72 h | Temperature difference | No difference in temperature |