Effects of dexmedetomidine and esmolol on systemic hemodynamics and exogenous lactate clearance in early experimental septic shock

Table 2 Comparison of hemodynamic variables between LPS-control and LPS-ESM groups along the study period

Variable	Group	A	B	C	D	p ^a
HR (bpm)	Control	127 ± 25	143 ± 16	137 ± 15	125 ± 20
HR (bpm)	ESM	128 ± 19	133 ± 17	109 ± 12^*	105 ± 9^*	a
MAP (mmHg)	Control	88 ± 14	67 ± 14	59 ± 5	61 ± 7	a
MAP (mmHg)	ESM	90 ± 18	70 ± 16	60 ± 8	76 ± 6	a
CO (ml/kg/min)	Control	78.3 ± 12.7	90.6 ± 26.4	80.0 ± 29.5	75.1 ± 23.1
CO (ml/kg/min)	ESM	69.0 ± 17	101 ± 32.0	84.0 ± 29.6	82.7 ± 28.4
MPAP (mmHg)	Control	14 ± 2	20 ± 4	23 ± 9	23 ± 10	a
MPAP (mmHg)	ESM	16 ± 3	22 ± 7	22 ± 8	24 ± 7	a
PAOP (mmHg)	Control	8 ± 1	8 ± 1	7 ± 1	7 ± 1
PAOP (mmHg)	ESM	7 ± 2	8 ± 2	8 ± 2	9 ± 2
SvO₂ (%)	Control	74 ± 4.5	78 ± 7.0	74 ± 10	69 ± 9.3
SvO₂ (%)	ESM	71 ± 5.1	73 ± 9	65 ± 11	65 ± 15
P(v-a)CO₂ (mmHg)	Control	4.7 ± 2.9	4.4 ± 3.6	6.9 ± 4.6	5.8 ± 4.0
P(v-a)CO₂ (mmHg)	ESM	5.2 ± 5.1	5.2 ± 3.2	7.2 ± 3.1	7.1 ± 4.0
NE (μg/kg/min)	Control		0.77 ± 0.52	1.34 ± 0.6	1.88 ± 1.31	a
NE (μg/kg/min)	ESM		0.87 ± 0.61	1.42 ± 0.61	1.52 ± 0.27	a

Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD)
LPS lipopolysaccharide, ESM esmolol, HR heart rate, MAP mean arterial pressure, CO cardiac output, MPAP mean pulmonary arterial pressure, PAOP pulmonary artery occlusion pressure, SvO ₂ mixed venous oxygen saturation, p(v-a)CO ₂ mixed venous to arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure gradient, NE norepinephrine
p < 0.05 considered as significant
^aSignificant changes over time within groups (comparison made with Friedman test and post hoc Bonferroni correction)
^*Significant difference between control group and ESM group, respectively at the same time point (comparison made with Mann-Whitney U test)

ISSN: 1364-8535