Table 1 Cohort characteristics

Female, n (%)

51 (41)

30 (45)

21 (37)

0.48

Age, median (25^th–75^th percentile)

66 (56–74)

69 (58–75)

64 (53–70)

0.11

Body mass index (Kg/m²), median (25^th–75^th percentile)

27.8 (25–32)

27.4 (24–31)

28.4 (25–33)

0.10

SAPS2 at ICU admission, median (25^th–75^th percentile)

45 (33–57)

46 (31–57)

45 (33–57)

0.46

Admissions to ICU within the last year, n (%)

8 (6)

3 (4)

5 (9)

0.33

Main diagnosis

Pneumonia, n (%)

33 (26)

18 (27)

15 (26)

1

Sepsis, n (%)

9 (7)

4 (6)

5 (9)

0.73

COPD/asthma exacerbation, n (%)

21 (17)

12 (18)

9 (16)

0.81

Cardiac failure, n (%)

19 (15)

11 (16)

8 (14)

0.80

Drug overdose/acute mental status change, n (%)

16 (13)

8 (12)

8 (14)

0.79

Intra-abdominal sepsis with surgery, n (%)

20 (16)

10 (15)

10 (17)

0.80

Trauma, n (%)

6 (4)

4 (6)

2 (4)

0.68

Comorbidity

Chronic pulmonary disease, n (%)

28 (22)

18 (27)

10 (18)

0.24

Obesity, n (%)

44 (35)

16 (24)

20 (35)

0.17

Chronic cardiac insufficiency, n (%)

19 (15)

11 (16)

8 (14)

0.71

Cancer, n (%)

19 (15)

13 (19)

6 (11)

0.71

Chronic kidney disease, n (%)

20 (16)

8 (12)

12 (21)

0.16

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

30 (24)

12 (18)

18 (31)

0.07

Between admission and awakening

Septic shock, n (%)

61 (49)

33 (49)

28 (49)

0.98

ARDS, n (%)

11 (9)

3 (4)

8 (14)

0.11

Renal failure, n (%)

38 (31)

19 (28)

19 (33)

0.55

Use of cathecolamines, n (%)

64 (52)

35 (52)

29 (51)

0.87

Use of neuromuscular blockers, n (%)

76 (61)

40 (60)

36 (63)

0.85

Days on neuromuscular blockers, median (25^th–75^th percentile)

1 (0–3)

1 (0–3)

1(0–2)

0.70

Use of corticosteroids, n (%)

34 (27)

21 (31)

13 (23)

0.55

Ventilator use (days), median (25^th–75^th percentile)

7 (4–10)

8 (5–11)

6 (4–8)

0.17