Inflammasome and toll-like receptor signaling in human monocytes after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Table 1 Patient characteristics

	CPR group (n = 51)	CAD group (n = 19)	P value
Age (years)	66.49 ± 11.53	68.89 ± 11.60	0.441
Gender male:female	39:12	15:4	1.0
CPR scene
OHCA	41 (80 %)	N/A
IHCA	10 (20 %)	N/A
Etiology of cardiac arrest
Cardiac	32 (63 %)	N/A
Non-cardiac	13 (25 %)	N/A
Unknown	6 (12 %)	N/A
Initial rhythm
VT/VF	29 (57 %)	N/A
Asystole/PEA	22 (43 %)	N/A
Time from collapse to CPR (minutes)	2.43 ± 3.88	N/A
Time from collapse to ROSC (minutes)	29.84 ± 19.11	N/A
Interventions
Therapeutic hypothermia performed	50 (98 %)	N/A
Coronary angiography <12 h prior to study enrollment	39 (76 %)	8 (42 %)	0.01
PCI <12 h prior to study enrollment	23 (45 %)	8 (42 %)	1.0
Consecutive organ failure
Acute heart failure	19 (37 %)	0 (0 %)	0.002
Acute respiratory failure	7 (14 %)	0 (0 %)	0.177
Acute liver failure	0 (0 %)	0 (0 %)	N/A
Acute renal failure	16 (31 %)	0 (0 %)	0.004
Sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score
Day 1 after ROSC	10.53 ± 1.75	N/A
Day 2 after ROSC	10.83 ± 1.63	N/A
Day 3 after ROSC	10.85 ± 1.83	N/A
Medical history
Coronary artery disease	34 (67 %)	19 (100 %)	0.003
Peripheral artery disease	3 (6 %)	1 (5 %)	1.0
Chronic heart failure	9 (18 %)	3 (16 %)	1.0
Pulmonary hypertension	6 (12 %)	0 (0 %)	0.180
Chronic lung disease	14 (27 %)	1 (5 %)	0.052
Chronic liver disease	0 (0 %)	0 (0 %)	N/A
Chronic kidney disease	6 (12 %)	5 (26 %)	0.155
Cardiovascular risk factors
Hypertension	29 (57 %)	15 (79 %)	0.104
Diabetes	13 (25 %)	6 (32 %)	0.763
Dyslipidemia	16 (31 %)	13 (68 %)	0.007
Smoking	19 (37 %)	12 (63 %)	0.063
Overweight	14 (27 %)	7 (37 %)	0.559

Acute heart failure was defined by clinical signs of cardiac decompensation or cardiogenic shock. Acute renal failure was defined as an increase in serum creatinine ≥0.3 mg/dl or ≥1.5-fold increase from baseline creatinine within the first 48 h. Acute liver failure was defined as an increase in total bilirubin serum levels and an increase in the international normalized ratio (INR) value above the normal values of our central laboratory. Acute respiratory failure was defined as an oxygenation index (ratio of PaO2 (mmHg) and FiO2 (%)) ≤200 mmHg
CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation, CAD coronary artery disease, OHCA out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, IHCA in-hospital cardiac arrest, VT ventricular tachycardia, VF ventricular fibrillation, PEA pulseless electrical activity, ROSC return of spontaneous circulation, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, N/A not applicable

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