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Table 5 Performances of BDG (cutoff 80, 100 and 200 pg/mL), CAGTA, MANNAN biomarkers and C-PCR used alone for IC diagnosis

From: Contribution of Candida biomarkers and DNA detection for the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis in ICU patients with severe abdominal conditions

Invasive candidiasis

Sensitivity %

Specificity %

NPV %

PPV %

(95 % CI)

(95 % CI)

(95 % CI)

(95 % CI)

BDG ≥ 80 pg/mL

76.7 (57.7–90.1)

57.2 (49.9–64.3)

94.1 (89.1–96.8)

21.7 (17.7–26.4)

BDG ≥ 100 pg/mL

70.0 (50.6–85.3)

61.5 (54.3–68.4)

93.0 (88.4–95.9)

21.9 (17.3–27.3)

BDG ≥ 200 pg/mL

60.0 (40.6–77.3)

79.4 (73.1–84.8)

92.9 (89.4–95.4)

30.5 (22.7–39.6)

CAGTA positive

53.3 (34.3–71.7)

64.3 (57.2–71.0)

90.1 (86.0–93.2)

18.4 (13.3–24.8)

Mannan-Ag positive

43.3 (25.5–62.6)

67.3 (60.3–73.8)

88.7 (85.0–91.6)

16.7 (11.3–24.0)

Mannan-Ab positive

25.8 (11.9–44.6)

89.0 (83.8–93.0)

88.6 (86.2–90.6)

26.7 (15.1– 42.6)

C-PCR positive

84.0 (63.9–95.5)

32.9 (23.1–44.0)

87.5 (73.1–94.8)

26.9 (22.7–31.6)

  1. Values are frequencies and percentages. Biomarker positives: two determinations consecutives positives (≥ cutoff). C-PCR positive: one determination positive
  2. NCI neither colonized nor infected, LGCC low-grade Candida spp. colonization, HGCC high-grade Candida spp. colonization, IAC intra-abdominal candidiasis, BDG (1-3)-ß-D-glucan, CAGTA Candida albicans germ tube antibody, mannan-Ag mannan antigen; mannan-Ab mannan antibody, C-PCR PCR-based Candida detection