| | Volume (ml) | PesEE (cmH2O) | PesEI (cmH2O) | ∆Pes (cmH2O) | ∆Pes/∆Paw | Pew (cmH2O) |
|---|
V0.5
| 0.5 ± 0.0*
| 7.3 ± 3.6*
| 10.6 ± 3.8*
| 3.3 ± 1.9£
| 0.59 ± 0.23£
| 0.0 ± 0.1^
|
VMIN
| 1.5 ± 0.6*
| 10.4 ± 5.2*
| 14.8 ± 5.7*
| 4.4 ± 2.0$
| 0.81 ± 0.19$
| 0.0 ± 0.0^
|
VBEST
| 3.5 ± 1.9#
| 12.5 ± 5.2#
| 17.8 ± 5.6#
| 5.3 ± 2.3*
| 0.96 ± 0.06*
| 2.0 ± 1.9#
|
V4.0
| 4.0 ± 0.0#
| 13.4 ± 4.4#
| 18.4 ± 4.7#
| 4.9 ± 2.1§
| 0.89 ± 0.10§
| 3.0 ± 1.7#
|
V8.0
| 8.0 ± 0.0*
| 23.8 ± 6.5*
| 28.2 ± 6.1*
| 4.4 ± 2.4$
| 0.79 ± 0.21$
| 7.5 ± 3.6*
|
-
Pes
EE
, Pes
EI
and ∆Pes end-expiratory, end-inspiratory, and tidal swing of Pes respectively, ∆Pes/∆Paw esophageal to airway pressure change ratio during an occlusion test (airway opening occlusion and chest compressions), Pew pressure generated by the esophageal wall as a reaction to balloon volume increase, V
0.5
, V
4.0
and V
8.0
injected volumes of 0.5, 4, and 8 ml respectively, V
MIN
lower limit of the linear section of the end-expiratory PV curve, V
BEST
injected volume associated with the largest Pes swing (see Methods and Fig. 1 for details)
-
*
p < 0.0001 vs. all the other injected volumes; #
p < 0.0001 vs. V0.5, VMIN, and V8.0; ^
p < 0.0001 vs. V4.0, V8.0, and VBEST; §
p < 0.0001 vs. V0.5 and VBEST, p < 0.05 vs. V8.0 and VMIN; $
p < 0.0001 vs. V0.5 and VBEST, p < 0.05 vs. V4.0; £
p < 0.0001 vs. VMIN, VBEST, and V4.0, p < 0.05 vs. V8.0