Table 1 Patient characteristics
All patients | No KDIGO stage shift (AKI–) | ≥1 KDIGO stage shift (AKI+) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of patients | 76 | 40 | 36 | |
Age, years | 71 (63-77) | 69 (62-75) | 74 (66-78) | 0.057 |
Male sex | 53 (70) | 28 (70) | 25 (69) | 0.958 |
Weight, kg | 61 (52-70) | 64 (54-70) | 59 (51-67) | 0.318 |
Baseline creatinine, mg/dL | 0.92 (0.76-1.13) | 0.88 (0.72-1.05) | 1.07 (0.84-1.39) | 0.018 |
Antihypertensive drugs | 61 (80) | 31 (78) | 30 (83) | 0.523 |
Emergency surgery | 4 (5) | 1 (3) | 3 (8) | 0.255 |
Cardiac surgery | 52 (68) | 31 (78) | 21 (58) | 0.730 |
Surgery type | 0.373 | |||
Cardiac surgery | ||||
CABG | 14 (18) | 10 (25) | 4 (11) | |
Valve replacement | 21 (28) | 13 (33) | 8 (22) | |
TAA | 8 (11) | 3 (8) | 5 (14) | |
Mixed | 7 (9) | 4 (10) | 3 (8) | |
Other | 2 (3) | 1 (3) | 1 (3) | |
Vascular surgery | ||||
Open aortic repair | 16 (21) | 5 (13) | 11 (31) | |
Endovascular aortic repair | 8 (11) | 4 (10) | 4 (11) | |
Duration of operation, hours | 7.08 (6.00-8.68) | 7.03 (5.66-8.91) | 7.08 (6.00-8.65) | 0.992 |
Intraoperative blood loss, mL | 405 (203-841) | 373 (143-675) | 505 (263-949) | 0.080 |
Intraoperative fluid balance, mL | 2750 (2150-5260) | 2675 (2146-4650) | 2925 (2150-5595) | 0.655 |
Mechanical ventilation | 68 (90) | 35 (88) | 33 (92) | 0.555 |
APACHE II score | 16 (12-20) | 15 (11-18) | 17 (14-21) | 0.046 |
SOFA score total | 8 (6-9) | 7 (5-9) | 8 (7-9) | 0.290 |
Cardiovascular | 3 (3-4) | 3 (3-4) | 3 (3-4) | 0.847 |
Respiratory | 1 (1-2) | 1 (1-2) | 1.5 (1-2) | 0.818 |
Liver | 0 (0-1) | 0 (0-1) | 0 (0-1) | 0.554 |
Renal | 0 (0-1) | 0 (0-1) | 1 (0-1) | 0.005 |
Coagulation | 2 (1-2) | 2 (1-2) | 2 (1-2) | 0.527 |
Central nerves | 0 (0-0) | 0 (0-0) | 0 (0-0) | 0.053 |
Lactate, mmol/L | 1.7 (1.1-2.4) | 1.6 (1.0-2.2) | 1.8 (1.1-2.7) | 0.250 |
Exposed to nephrotoxins in ICU | 2 (3) | 1 (3) | 1 (3) | 0.940 |
ICU length of stay, days | 3.8 (2.8-5.8) | 3.7 (2.8-5.5) | 4.2 (2.8-5.8) | 0.240 |
Hospital length of stay, days | 30 (23-39) | 31 (23-37) | 29 (21-44) | 0.750 |
Hospital mortality | 3 (4) | 2 (5) | 1 (3) | 0.619 |