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Table 1 Patient characteristics

From: Postoperative blood pressure deficit and acute kidney injury progression in vasopressor-dependent cardiovascular surgery patients

  All patients No KDIGO stage shift (AKI–) ≥1 KDIGO stage shift (AKI+) P value
Number of patients 76 40 36  
Age, years 71 (63-77) 69 (62-75) 74 (66-78) 0.057
Male sex 53 (70) 28 (70) 25 (69) 0.958
Weight, kg 61 (52-70) 64 (54-70) 59 (51-67) 0.318
Baseline creatinine, mg/dL 0.92 (0.76-1.13) 0.88 (0.72-1.05) 1.07 (0.84-1.39) 0.018
Antihypertensive drugs 61 (80) 31 (78) 30 (83) 0.523
Emergency surgery 4 (5) 1 (3) 3 (8) 0.255
Cardiac surgery 52 (68) 31 (78) 21 (58) 0.730
Surgery type     0.373
  Cardiac surgery     
  CABG 14 (18) 10 (25) 4 (11)  
  Valve replacement 21 (28) 13 (33) 8 (22)  
  TAA 8 (11) 3 (8) 5 (14)  
  Mixed 7 (9) 4 (10) 3 (8)  
  Other 2 (3) 1 (3) 1 (3)  
  Vascular surgery     
  Open aortic repair 16 (21) 5 (13) 11 (31)  
  Endovascular aortic repair 8 (11) 4 (10) 4 (11)  
Duration of operation, hours 7.08 (6.00-8.68) 7.03 (5.66-8.91) 7.08 (6.00-8.65) 0.992
Intraoperative blood loss, mL 405 (203-841) 373 (143-675) 505 (263-949) 0.080
Intraoperative fluid balance, mL 2750 (2150-5260) 2675 (2146-4650) 2925 (2150-5595) 0.655
Mechanical ventilation 68 (90) 35 (88) 33 (92) 0.555
APACHE II score 16 (12-20) 15 (11-18) 17 (14-21) 0.046
SOFA score total 8 (6-9) 7 (5-9) 8 (7-9) 0.290
 Cardiovascular 3 (3-4) 3 (3-4) 3 (3-4) 0.847
 Respiratory 1 (1-2) 1 (1-2) 1.5 (1-2) 0.818
 Liver 0 (0-1) 0 (0-1) 0 (0-1) 0.554
 Renal 0 (0-1) 0 (0-1) 1 (0-1) 0.005
 Coagulation 2 (1-2) 2 (1-2) 2 (1-2) 0.527
 Central nerves 0 (0-0) 0 (0-0) 0 (0-0) 0.053
Lactate, mmol/L 1.7 (1.1-2.4) 1.6 (1.0-2.2) 1.8 (1.1-2.7) 0.250
Exposed to nephrotoxins in ICU 2 (3) 1 (3) 1 (3) 0.940
ICU length of stay, days 3.8 (2.8-5.8) 3.7 (2.8-5.5) 4.2 (2.8-5.8) 0.240
Hospital length of stay, days 30 (23-39) 31 (23-37) 29 (21-44) 0.750
Hospital mortality 3 (4) 2 (5) 1 (3) 0.619
  1. Quantitative parameters are reported as median (interquartile range; 25th–75th percentile). Qualitative parameters are expressed as number (%)
  2. AKI acute kidney injury, APACHE II Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, CABG coronary artery bypass graft, ICU intensive care unit, KDIGO Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, TAA thoracic aorta aneurysm
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