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Table 2 Laboratory values, clinical scoring systems and outcomes for the entire cohort of patients with necrotizing soft tissue infections and for the septic shock and nonshock (no sepsis, sepsis, severe sepsis) subgroups

From: Pentraxin-3 as a marker of disease severity and risk of death in patients with necrotizing soft tissue infections: a nationwide, prospective, observational study

 

Entire cohort (n = 135)

Nonshock (n = 39)

Septic shock (n = 96)

p

Biomarker level upon admission (baseline)

 Pentraxin-3, ng/mL

52.4 (17.7–172.2)

24.6 (10.7–58.0)

67.3 (28.8–213.5)

<0.0001

 Procalcitonin, μg/L

7.7 (1.4–28.8)

1.5 (0.3–7.2)

13.6 (2.9–37.8)

<0.0001

 C-reactive protein, mg/L

222 (141–298)

201 (134–275)

222 (152–302)

0.295

Biochemistry

 Leukocyte count, 109/L, highest value

16.9 (10.4–23.9)

15.5 (9.7–22.7)

17.6 (12.2–24.5)

0.197

 Na+, mmol/L, lowest value

136 (132–138)

136 (134–139)

135 (131–138)

0.198

 K+, mmol/L, highest value

4.3 (4.0–4.9)

4.1 (3.8–4.3)

4.5 (4.1–5.2)

<0.0001

 Glucose, mmol/L, highest value

8.3 (7.1–11.5)

7.5 (5.8–9.9)

8.6 (7.3–12.4)

0.011

 Creatinine, μmol/L, highest value

119 (77–205)

82 (58–127)

142 (82–229)

0.002

 Hemoglobin, mmol/L, lowest value

5.7 (4.9–6.5)

5.7 (4.9–6.7)

5.7 (4.8.9–6.3)

0.429

 pH, lowest value

7.30 (7.20–7.37)

7.35 (7.29–7.40)

7.28 (7.18–7.34)

0.006

 pO2, kPa, from lowest PaO2/FiO2 ratio

13.7 (10.9–19.7)

14.4 (11,5–22.3)

12.8 (10.8–18.1)

0.137

 Base excess, mmol/L, lowest value

−5.5 (−9.4 to −1.8)

−2.2 (−5.7 to −2.2)

−6.7 (−10.9 to −2.5)

0.001

 Lactate, mmol/L, highest value

1.9 (1.1–4.1)

1.0 (0.7–1.6)

2.5 (1.5–5.0)

<0.0001

ICU scoring systems and treatment

 SAPS IIa

45 (35–52)

35 (29–48)

46 (39–56)

0.001

 SOFA (day 1)b

7 (4–10)

3 (2–5)

8 (7–10)

<0.0001

 LRINECc

8 (6–9)

8 (5–9)

8 (6–10)

0.103

 ICU admissiond

123 (91)

28 (72)

95 (99)

<0.0001

 Ventilator treatment

122 (90)

27 (70)

95 (99)

<0.0001

 Renal replacement therapye

34 (25)

5 (13)

29 (30)

0.035

 Amputation of limb or penise

27 (20)

5 (13)

22 (23)

0.184

Mortality

 28-day (%, 95 % CI)

22 (16, 11–24)

8 (21, 11–36)

14 (15, 9–23)

0.398

 90-day (%, 95 % CI)

31 (23, 17–31)

9 (23, 12–39)

22 (23, 16–32)

0.984

 180-day (%, 95 % CI)

36 (27, 20–35)

10 (26, 14–41)

26 (27, 19–37)

0.864

 Long-term up to 2.5 yearsf (%, 95 % CI)

44 (33, 25–41)

12 (31, 18–47)

32 (33, 25–43)

0.773

  1. Values denote median (interquartile range) or number (%). Differences between the shock and non-shock group were tested using Mann-Whitney U or χ2-test/Fisher’s exact test
  2. aNumber of patients with missing values: n = 5 (n = 3 for nonshock; n = 2 for shock)
  3. bNumber of patients with missing values: n = 6 (n = 3 for nonshock; n = 3 for shock)
  4. cNumber of patients with missing values: n = 15 (n = 9 for nonshock; n = 6 for shock)
  5. dThree patients died before admission to the ICU (n = 2 for nonshock; n = 1 for shock)
  6. eWithin the first 7 days in the ICU
  7. fA follow-up up to 2.5 years
  8. CI Confidence interval, ICU Intensive care unit, LRINEC Laboratory risk indicator for necrotizing fasciitis, SAPS Simplified Acute Physiology Score, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment
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