Table 2 Comparison of patients with and without confirmed pneumonia – all parameters available within 3 days
All patients | No confirmed pneumonia | Confirmed pneumonia | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 174) | (n = 135) | (n = 39) | ||
Age (years) | 69.0 (57.0–77.0) | 68.0 (57.0–76.5) | 72.0 (60.0–77.5) | 0.303 |
Sex category = male | 135 (77.6 %) | 104 of 135 (77.0 %) | 31 of 39 (79.5 %) | 0.830 |
Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||
Smoking | 65 (37.4 %) | 51 of 135 (37.8 %) | 14 of 39 (35.9 %) | 0.493 |
Hypertension | 96 (55.2 %) | 72 of 135 (53.3 %) | 24 of 39 (61.5 %) | 0.465 |
Diabetes mellitus | 39 (22.4 %) | 33 of 135 (24.4 %) | 6 of 39 (15.4 %) | 0.281 |
Adipositas | 28 (16.1 %) | 23 of 135 (17.0 %) | 5 of 39 (12.8 %) | 0.627 |
Known coronary vascular disease | 40 (23.0 %) | 29 of 135 (21.5 %) | 11 of 39 (28.2 %) | 0.393 |
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation | ||||
Free interval (minutes) | 5.0 (0.0–10.0) | 5.0 (0–10.0) | 3.0 (0–10.0) | 0.928 |
First rhythm | ||||
Ventricular tachycardia | 3 (1.7 %) | 3 of 135 (2.2 %) | 0 of 39 (0.0 %) | 1.000 |
Ventricular fibrillation | 113 (64.9 %) | 88 of 135 (65.2 %) | 25 of 39 (64.1 %) | 1.000 |
Asystole | 34 (19.5 %) | 27 of 135 (20.0 %) | 7 of 39 (17.9 %) | 1.000 |
Pulseless electrical activity | 17 (9.8 %) | 12 of 135 (8.9 %) | 5 of 39 (12.8 %) | 0.540 |
Other or unknown | 7 (4.0 %) | 5 of 135 (3.7 %) | 2 of 39 (5.1 %) | 0.654 |
Time to ROSC (minutes) | 24.5 (15.0–35.0) | 25.0 (15.0–35.0) | 22.0 (15.5–34.8) | 0.666 |
Witnessed aspiration | 22 (12.6 %) | 18 of 135 (13.3 %) | 4 of 39 (10.3 %) | 0.787 |
Laboratory values | ||||
CRP (mg/l) on admission (day 1), n = 170 | 3.0 (2.0–10.4) | 3.0 (2.0–8.9) | 2.9 (2.0–20.9) | 0.915 |
CRP (mg/l) on day 2, n = 173 | 24.0 (8.6–50.7) | 23.1 (8.7–48.1) | 25.3 (7.0–52.7) | 0.943 |
CRP (mg/l) on day 3, n = 169 | 124.1 (89.6–166.0) | 124.2 (93.5–159.2) | 123.6 (81.6–197.5) | 0.896 |
WBC (103/μl) on admission (day 1), n = 174 | 15.5 (10.7–19.1) | 15.2 (10.6–18.2) | 16.6 (11.2–21.0) | 0.237 |
WBC (103/μl) day 2, n = 174 | 12.7 (9.2–17.5) | 12.9 (9.6–17.4) | 10.3 (9.1–17.1) | 0.295 |
WBC (103/μl) day 3, n = 170 | 12.3 (9.1–15.6) | 12.5 (9.3–15.9) | 11.2 (8.4–14.9) | 0.204 |
PCT (μg/l) day 1, n = 121a | 0.1 (0.1–0.6) | 0.1 (0.1–0.5) | 0.2 (0.1–1.1) | 0.312 |
PCT (μg/l) day 2, n = 83a | 1.9 (0.5–7.7) | 2.0 (0.5–10.2) | 1.2 (0.5–2.7) | 0.271 |
PCT (μg/l) day 3, n = 89a | 1.7 (0.5–6–1) | 1.6 (0.6–6.1) | 3.0 (0.5–6.0) | 0.642 |
Lactate (mmol/l) on admission, n = 172 | 3.7 (2.2–6.8) | 5.4 (3.3–7.9) | 4.7 (3.2–6.6) | 0.301 |
Respiration | ||||
PO2/FiO2 minimum on day 1 | 152 (100–228) | 152 (100–230) | 161 (109–211) | 0.891 |
PO2/FiO2 minimum on day 2 | 165 (121–222) | 160 (117–220) | 167 (132–220) | 0.502 |
PO2/FiO2 minimum on day 3 | 160 (126–205) | 160 (127–206) | 155 (128–188) | 0.479 |
PEEP maximum (mbar) on day 1 | 8.5 (7.0–11.0) | 8.0 (7.0–10.0) | 10.0 (8.0–12.0) | 0.014 |
PEEP maximum (mbar) on day 2 | 9.0 (7.0–11.0) | 8.0 (7.0–10.0) | 10.0 (7.5–12.0) | 0.114 |
PEEP maximum (mbar) on day 3 | 9.0 (7.0–12.0) | 8.0 (7.0–12.0) | 9.0 (7.0–11.5) | 0.603 |
Hemodynamics | ||||
Vasopressor dosageb (μg/minute) on day 1 | 16.0 (8.0–32.0) | 16.0 (8.0–30.0) | 14.0 (9.5–33.5) | 0.712 |
Vasopressor dosageb (μg/minute) on day 2 | 19.0 (10.0–32.0) | 20.0 (10.0–32.0) | 18.0 (10.0–33.0) | 0.983 |
Vasopressor dosageb (μg/minute) on day 3 | 16.0 (9.0–32.0) | 16.0 (9.0–32.0) | 16.0 (9.5–38.0) | 0.941 |
Volume infusion (l) on day 1 | 4.7 (3.1–7.0) | 4.5 (3.0–6.9) | 5.1 (3.2–7.6) | 0.469 |
Volume infusion (l) on day 2 | 7.0 (5.0–9.8) | 7.3 (5.3–9.8) | 6.8 (4.3–9.3) | 0.396 |
Volume infusion (l) on day 3 | 4.5 (3.4–6.4) | 4.4 (3.4–6.4) | 4.8 (3.9–6.1) | 0.347 |
Infection and antibiotics | ||||
Time to antibiotics (hours) | 8.7 (5.4–22.8) | 8.5 (5.4–22.4) | 9.0 (6.0–26.9) | 0.381 |
Post-hypothermia fever, n = 135c | 75 of 135 (55.6 %) | 54 of 101 (53.5 %) | 21 of 34 (61.8 %) | 0.431 |