Table 1 Baseline characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, parameters of resuscitation, diagnostic work-up, diagnosis, and therapy for all patients and dichotomized according to survivors and nonsurvivors
Variable | All patients (n = 174) | Survivors (n = 114) | Nonsurvivors (n = 60) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 69.0 (57.0–77.0) | 64.5 (53.0–73.0) | 74.0 (64.5–80.0) | <0.001 |
Sex category = male | 135 (77.6 %) | 92 (80.7 %) | 43 (71.7 %) | 0.185 |
Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||
Hypertension | 96 (55.2 %) | 63 (55.3 %) | 33 (55.0 %) | 1.000 |
Diabetes mellitus | 39 (22.4 %) | 23 (20.2 %) | 16 (26.7 %) | 0.344 |
Adipositas | 28 (16.1 %) | 18 (15.8 %) | 10 (16.7 %) | 1.000 |
Known CVD | 40 (23.0 %) | 20 (17.5 %) | 20 (33.3 %) | 0.023 |
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation | ||||
Free interval (minutes), n = 146 | 5.0 (0.0–10.0) | 2.0 (0.0–10.0) | 7.5 (2.0–10.0) | 0.006 |
First rhythm | ||||
VT | 3 (1.7 %) | 3 (2.6 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | 0.552 |
VF | 113 (64.9 %) | 89 (78.1 %) | 24 (40.0 %) | <0.001 |
Asystole | 34 (19.5 %) | 9 (7.9 %) | 25 (41.7 %) | <0.001 |
PEA | 17 (9.8 %) | 8 (7.0 %) | 9 (15.0 %) | 0.110 |
Other or unknown | 7 (4.0 %) | 5 (4.4 %) | 2 (3.3 %) | 1.000 |
Time to ROSC (minutes), n = 146 | 24.5 (15.0–35.0) | 20.0 (14.0–31.0) | 30.0 (17.8–35.0) | 0.023 |
Witnessed aspiration | 22 (12.6 %) | 15 (13.2 %) | 7 (11.7 %) | 1.000 |
Diagnostic workup | ||||
Coronary angiography | 149 (85.6 %) | 106 (93.0 %) | 43 (71.7 %) | <0.001 |
Diagnosis/suspected cause of cardiac arrest | ||||
STEMI | 57 (32.8 %) | 47 (41.2 %) | 10 (16.7 %) | 0.001 |
NSTEMI | 34 (19.5 %) | 23 (20.2 %) | 11 (18.3 %) | 0.843 |
Pulmonary embolism | 5 (2.9 %) | 3 (2.6 %) | 2 (3.3 %) | 1.000 |
Primary arrhythmia | 26 (14.9 %) | 14 (12.3 %) | 12 (20.0 %) | 0.186 |
Other or unknown | 52 (29.9 %) | 27 (23.7 %) | 25 (41.7 %) | 0.016 |
Therapy | ||||
Impella or IABP | 38 (21.8 %) | 29 (25.4 %) | 9 (15.0 %) | 0.126 |
PCI | 80 (46.0 %) | 61 (53.5 %) | 19 (31.7 %) | 0.007 |