Table 4 Comparison of survivors and nonsurvivors at 90 days

Age, yr

58.0 (40.0–68.0)

67.0 (62.0–74.0)

0.003

Female sex

30 (44)

6 (40)

0.78

Medical history

 Malignant disease

3 (4)

2 (13)

0.055

 Chronic renal failure

6 (9)

1 (6)

 Chronic respiratory failure

5 (7)

2 (13)

 Heart failure

6 (9)

5 (33)

 Neurological failure

1 (1)

0 (0)

 Diabetes

3 (4)

2 (13)

 Malnutrition

1 (1)

1 (6)

 None

46 (68)

6 (40)

Performance status^a

2.0 (1.0–2.0)

2.0 (1.0–2.0)

0.68

Small-vessel vasculitis diseases

 Granulomatosis with polyangiitis

37 (55)

7 (47)

0.06

 Microscopic polyangiitis

13 (20)

7 (47)

 Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis

4 (5)

1 (6)

 Anti–glomerular basement membrane antibody disease

13 (20)

0 (0)

Delay between hospitalization ward to admission to ICU, days

5.0 (1.0–12.0)

11.0 (2.0–28.0)

0.21

Reason for admission

 Respiratory failure

1 (29)

8 (54)

0.37

 Acute renal failure

22 (32)

2 (13)

 Pulmonary-renal failure

22 (32)

5 (33)

 Septic shock

1 (2)

0 (0)

 Others^b

3 (5)

0 (0)

Number of patients receiving glucocorticoid induction treatment

62 (92)

12 (80)

0.15

Number of patients receiving plasma exchange

50 (75)

13 (86)

0.50

Disease and severity assessment scores at admission

 Revised Five-Factor Score

2.0 (1.0–2.0)

2.0 (1.0–3.0)

0.88

 Simplified Acute Physiology Score II

36 (27–42)

51.0 (38.0–82.0)

0.005

 Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at admission

4.0 (4.0–7.0)

8.0 (6.0–9.0)

0.008

 Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score

16.0 (12.0–20.0)

16.0 (12.0–20.0)

0.85

 Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at cyclophosphamide administration

6.0 (3.0–7.0)

11.0 (6.0–12.0)

0.0004

Delay between ICU admission and cyclophosphamide administration, days

2.0 (1.0–5.0)

5.0 (3.0–14.0)

0.0053