From: Lactic acidosis and severe septic shock in metformin users: a cohort study
Metformin users (n = 44) | Nonusers (n = 118) | p value* | |
---|---|---|---|
Gender (male), n (%) | 22 (50 %) | 71 (60.17 %) | 0.09 |
Age (mean ± SD) | 74.0 ± 11.3 | 68.4 ± 19.7 | 0.03 |
Baseline creatinine | 1.2 (0.7–1.3) | 1.1 (0.7–1.2) | 0.36 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 34 (77.3) | 26 (52.5) | <0.001 |
ACEi, n (%) | 18 (40.9) | 26 (22.0) | 0.29 |
Beta blockers, n (%) | 27 (61.4) | 37 (31.4) | 0.09 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 44 (100) | 23 (19.83) | <0.001 |
Metformin dose (g) | 1.6 (0.8) | ||
Insulin n (%) | 9 (20.5) | 13 (11.4) | <0.001 |
Ischemic heart disease, n (%) | 15 (34.1) | 358 (29.7) | 0.05 |
Cerebrovascular attack, n (%) | 14 (32.6) | 23 (19.5) | 0.02 |
Aspirin use, n (%) | 20 (45.5) | 318 (26.3) | 0.65 |
Malignancy, n (%) | 8 (18.2) | 21 (17.8) | <0.001 |
Lactate (median, IQR) | 12.7 (11.1–15.0) | 12.7 (11.3–16.3) | 0.90 |
Ph (median, IQR) | 7.06 (6.9–7.20) | 7.10 (6.94–7.20) | 0.80 |
HCO3 (mean ± SD) | 10.9 ± 5.6 | 11.5 ± 5.1 | 0.56 |
APACHE II score | 41.12 ± 8.8 | 37.97 ± 6.16 | 0.01 |
Mortality score | 34.7(11.7–55.6) | 43.9 (31.5–59.6) | 0.19 |
Creatinine at admission | 2.87 (1.5–3.32) | 2.14 (1.21–3) | 0.02 |
Acute kidney injury (%) | 38 (86.7 %) | 65 (56.7 %) | 0.02 |
Renal replacement therapy (%) | (38.6 %) 17 | 25 (21.2 %) | 0.13 |
Inhospital mortality | 25 (556.8 %) | 104 (88.1 %) | <0.001 |
Time to event (hospitalization to death or discharge, days, mean ± SD) | 11.67 ± 15.3 | 4.77 ± 9.79 | <0.001 |