Table 2 Summary of included studies
From: Fenoldopam to prevent acute kidney injury after major surgery—a systematic review and meta-analysis
Author | Time of study | Type of surgery | Number of patients (F/P) | Age (F/P) | Dose and duration of fenoldopam | Inclusion of CKD patients | Definition of AKI | Reported outcomes | Reported side effects |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
O’Hara et al. [19] | Nov 2002 to April 2010 | Partial nephrectomy in patients with single kidney | 77 (43/34) | 59/59 (mean) | 0.1 μg/kg/min for 24 h | Not reported | RIFLE criteria or change in GFR | AKI RRT data provided separately by authors | None reported |
Ranucci et al. [17] | Sept 2008 to March 2009 | Elective cardiac surgery with expected CPB time ≥90 mins | 80 (40/40) | 65/64 (mean) | 0.1 μg/kg/min from pre-operative to 12 h post-opertive | Yes (including 2 patients on chronic dialysis) | Peak Cr >2 mg/dL and 100 % rise from baseline for >24 h | AKI 30-day mortality | Stroke, mechanical ventilation, sternal wound infection, re-exploration |
Barr et al. [15] | May 2002 to Jan 2006 | Elective or emergency cardiac surgery in patients with pre-operative CrCl ≤40 ml/min | 38 (19/19) | 77.2/72.4 (mean) | 0.1 μg/kg/min for 48 h | Yes (CKD was an inclusion criterion) | Difference in CrCl as per Cockcroft-Gault formula between pre-operative and post-operative day 3 | CrCl RRT Hospital mortality | Use of vasopressors and inotropes |
Cogliati et al. [16] | Not reported | High-risk cardiac surgery | 193 (95/98) | 70.3/69.6 (mean) | 0.1 μg/kg/min started before surgical incision until 24 h post-operative | Yes | Serum Cr rise to >2 mg/dl with a rise of ≥0.7 mg/dl from pre-operative to post-operative | AKI RRT | None reported |
Biancofiore et al. [18] | Jan 2001 to July 2003 | Liver transplant surgery | 92 (46/46) | 45/51 (median) | 0.1 μg/kg/min from induction until 96 h post-operative | Yes (provided pre-operative Cr ≤1.5 mg/dL) | Serum Cr rise to >1.5 mg/dl or doubling of Cr or need for RRT | AKI RRT Hospital mortality | None reported |
Halpenny et al. [5] | Not reported | Elective aortic surgery with infra-renal cross-clamping | 27 (14/13) | 70/69 (mean) | 0.1 μg/kg/min from surgical incision until release of aortic cross-clamp | No | Not specifically defined | AKI | Blood loss, MAP and heart rate |