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Table 1 Specification of the research question applying a PICO (population, intervention, comparison and outcome) model

From: Fenoldopam to prevent acute kidney injury after major surgery—a systematic review and meta-analysis

Population

Intervention

Comparison

Outcomes

Adult patients (≥18 years) undergoing any type of major surgery

Treatment with fenoldopam in the peri-operative period

Placebo

Incidence of AKI Requirement for RRT post-operatively Hospital mortality Side effects (hypotension, need for catecholamine treatment)

  1. AKI acute kidney injury, RRT renal replacement therapy