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Table 1 Patient characteristics at randomization

From: The effects of a 2-h trial of high-flow oxygen by nasal cannula versus Venturi mask in immunocompromised patients with hypoxemic acute respiratory failure: a multicenter randomized trial

Variables

HFNO group

Venturi mask group

(n = 52)

(n = 48)

Age, yr, median [25th–75th percentile]

59.3 [43–70]

64.5 [53.25–72]

Males, n (%)

38 (73.1)

32 (66.7)

Comorbidities, n (%)

 Chronic respiratory failure

7 (13.5)

4 (8.3)

 Chronic kidney failure

2 (3.8)

3 (6.2)

 Chronic heart failure

4 (7.7)

2 (4.2)

Cause of immunosuppression, n (%)

 Solid malignancy

15 (28.8)

8 (16.7)

 Hematological malignancy

31 (59.6)

30 (62.5)

 HIV infection

3 (5.8)

5 (10.4)

 Steroid treatment

13 (25.0)

15 (31.2)

 Other immunosuppressant drugs

23 (44.2)

14 (29.2)

Final etiology of ARF,b n (%)

 Sepsis

25 (48.1)

25 (52.0)

 Cardiogenic pulmonary edema

5 (9.6)

2 (4.1)

 Noninfectious pulmonary disease

5 (6.8)

7 (14.5)

 Lung involvement by the underlying disease

7 (13.4)

9 (18.7)

 Large pleural effusion

0 (0)

1 (2.0)

Pneumocystis pneumonia

5 (9.6)

2 (4.1)

 Miscellaneousc

3 (5.7)

1 (2.0)

 No diagnosis

2 (3.8 %)

1 (2.0)

SAPS II at ICU admission, median [25th–75th percentile]

42 [29.5–52]

37.5 [31.5–46.5]

SOFA score at randomization, median [25th–75th percentile]

3.5 [2–6]

3 [2–5]

Days since respiratory symptom onset

3 [2–8]

3 [2–7.25]

Clinical status at randomization

 Respiratory rate, breaths/min, median [25th-75th percentile]

26 [21.7–31.2]

27 [22–32.2]

 SpO2, %, median [25th-75th percentile]

96 [94–98]

96 [95–98.2]

 Estimated PaO2/FiO2 ratio at admission

128 [48–178]

100 [40–156]

 Mean arterial pressure, mmHg, median [25th-75th percentile]

86.8 [82.2–95.3]

80 [74–89.3]

 Normal Glasgow Coma Scale score, n (%)

49 (94.2)

48 (100)

 Confusion, n (%)

4 (7.7)

1 (2.1)

  1. HFNO high-flow nasal oxygen, ARF acute respiratory failure, ICU intensive care unit, SAPS II Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (range 0–163 points, with worse scores indicating greater disease severity), SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, SpO2 peripheral capillary oxygen saturation, PaO2/FiO2 ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen
  2. aThe groups were compared using the χ2 test for qualitative variables and the Wilcoxon test for quantitative variables.
  3. bMore than one etiology could be suspected at admission.
  4. cPulmonary embolism, lung metastasis, neutropenia recovery, extrapulmonary acute respiratory distress syndrome, drug-related pulmonary toxicity
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