|
Age, yr
|
41.4
|
[28.7–59.4]
|
51.1
|
[34.6–69.3]
|
0.087
|
|
Female sex
|
12/32
|
37.5 %
|
48/125
|
38.4 %
|
NS
|
|
Immunosuppression
|
6/32
|
18.8 %
|
23/125
|
18.4 %
|
NS
|
|
Alcohol use disorder
|
4/31
|
12.9 %
|
14/124
|
11.3 %
|
NS
|
|
Asplenia
|
1/32
|
3.1 %
|
5/124
|
4.0 %
|
NS
|
|
HIV infection
|
1/32
|
3.1 %
|
7/124
|
5.6 %
|
NS
|
|
Severity at ICU admission
|
|
Glasgow Coma Scale score
|
11
|
[8–14]
|
12
|
[7–15]
|
NS
|
|
Mechanical ventilation
|
11/25
|
44.0 %
|
49/111
|
44.1 %
|
NS
|
|
Severe sepsis or septic shock
|
21/25
|
84.0 %
|
94/111
|
84.7 %
|
NS
|
|
SAPS II
|
29
|
[16–43]
|
30
|
[20–48]
|
NS
|
|
LOD system
| | | | | |
|
Neurologic
|
14/25
|
56.0 %
|
68/111
|
61.3 %
|
NS
|
|
Pulmonary
|
11/25
|
44.0 %
|
49/111
|
44.1 %
|
NS
|
|
Hematologic
|
11/25
|
44.0 %
|
46/111
|
41.4 %
|
NS
|
|
Cardiovascular
|
12/25
|
48.0 %
|
38/111
|
34.2 %
|
NS
|
|
Renal
|
5/25
|
20.0 %
|
27/111
|
24.3 %
|
NS
|
|
Hepatic
|
–
| |
–
| | |
|
Microbiology
|
|
CSF white cell count/mm3
|
1710
|
[450–5100]
|
1820
|
[315–3300]
|
NS
|
|
CSF protein rate, g/L
|
3.8
|
[2–5.9]
|
2.7
|
[1.5–5.8]
|
NS
|
|
Positive direct examination of CSF
|
21/32
|
65.6 %
|
80/120
|
66.7 %
|
NS
|
|
Streptococcus pneumoniae as causative bacterium
|
20/32
|
62.5 %
|
56/125
|
44.8 %
|
0.079
|
|
Penicillin non-susceptible isolates
|
11/20
|
55,0 %
|
21/46
|
45,7 %
|
NS
|
|
Neisseria meningitidis as causative bacterium
|
5/32
|
15.6 %
|
39/125
|
31.2 %
|
0.081
|
|
Therapeutic measures
|
|
Time between hospital admission and first dose of antibiotic (h)
|
2.5
|
[0.8–6.1]
|
3.2
|
[1.5–6.9]
|
NS
|
|
Treatment with corticosteroids during hospitalization
|
28/32
|
87.5 %
|
77/125
|
61.6 %
|
0.006
|
