Venous thromboembolism in the ICU: main characteristics, diagnosis and thromboprophylaxis

Table 5 Randomized clinical trials evaluating mechanical thromboprophylaxis in the ICU

Author (year)	Population	Number of patients	Diagnosis method	Intervention	DVT incidence	P-value
Kierkegaard and Norgren 1993 [72]	Patients aged >70 years, myocardial infarction	80	I-labeled fibrinogen test on alternate days	No GCS	8 (10 %)	0.003
Kierkegaard and Norgren 1993 [72]	Patients aged >70 years, myocardial infarction	80	I-labeled fibrinogen test on alternate days	GCS	0 (0 %)	0.003
Elliott et al. 1999 [74]	Trauma patients	149	CUS on day 8 or before	Calf-thigh IPC	4 (6.5 %)	0.009
Elliott et al. 1999 [74]	Trauma patients	149	CUS on day 8 or before	Plantar venous IPC	13 (21 %)	0.009
Ginzburg et al. 2003 [75]	Trauma patients	442	CUS within 24 hours of admission and weekly	IPC	6 (2.7 %)	0.12
Ginzburg et al. 2003 [75]	Trauma patients	442	CUS within 24 hours of admission and weekly	LMWH	1 (0.5 %)	0.12
Kurtoglu et al. 2004 [73]	Trauma patients	120	CUS on admission, weekly, and 1 week after discharge	IPC	4 (6.6 %)	0.04
Kurtoglu et al. 2004 [73]	Trauma patients	120	CUS on admission, weekly, and 1 week after discharge	LMWH	3 (5 %)	0.04

CUS compression ultrasonography; DVT deep vein thrombosis; GCS graduated compression stockings; IPC intermittent pneumatic compression; LMWH low molecular weight heparin

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