Table 1 Features of patients with adequate empirical antimicrobial therapy before or after ICU admission
Before ICU (%) | Post ICU (%) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
(n = 444) | (n = 194) | ||
Age | 61 (47–71) | 66 (53–73) | 0.004 |
Gender (female) | 200 (45) | 72 (36.9) | 0.056 |
APACHE II score | 18 (12–23) | 19 (14–24) | 0.149 |
SOFA (median, IQR) | 7 (4–10) | 8 (5–10) | 0.170 |
Worst SOFA | 8 (5–12) | 9 (6–12) | 0.044 |
Surgical admission | 225 (50.6) | 115 (59) | 0.060 |
Acquisition | |||
Community acquisition | 324 (73) | 97 (50) | <0.001 |
Hospital acquisition | 120 (27) | 97 (50) | |
Comorbidities | |||
Diabetes | 102 (23) | 46 (23.6) | 0.865 |
COPD | 34 (7.6) | 26 (13.3) | 0.024 |
Cirrhosis | 24 (5.4) | 16 (8.2) | 0.183 |
Malignancy | 75 (16.9) | 46 (23.6) | 0.047 |
Chronic renal failure | 38 (8.6) | 11 (5.6) | 0.202 |
Immunosuppression | 68 (15.3) | 33 (16.9) | 0.608 |
Heart failure | 24 (5.4) | 9 (4.6) | 0.678 |
Sepsis source | |||
Chest | 80 (18) | 29 (14.9) | 0.330 |
Urinary | 59 (13.3) | 16 (8.2) | 0.066 |
Abdomen | (45) | 106 (54.4) | 0.030 |
Central nervous system | 18 (4.1) | 2 (1) | 0.043 |
Soft tissue | 51 (11.5) | 19 (9.7) | 0.516 |
Catheter | 15 (3.4) | 8 (4.1) | 0.651 |
Unidentified | 12 (2.7) | 8 (4.1) | 0.349 |
Positive blood culture | 224 (50.5) | 97 (49.7) | 0.869 |
Type of pathogen isolated | |||
Gram-positive | 111 (25) | 36 (18.6) | 0.080 |
Gram-negative | 196 (44.1) | 88 (45.4) | 0.847 |
Anaerobic | 7 (1.6) | 1 (0.5) | 0.289 |
Fungus | 5 (1.1) | 8 (4.1) | 0.028 |
Polymicrobial | 120 (27) | 59 (30.4) | 0.304 |
Others | 5 (1.1) | 2 (1) | 0.141 |
Difficult-to-treat pathogens | 86 (19.3) | 67 (34.3) | <0.001 |
Septic shock | 281 (63.3) | 121 (62.4) | 0.825 |
Mechanical ventilation | 172 (38.7) | 100 (51.5) | 0.002 |
Nosocomial infection | 89 (20.1) | 43/194 (22.2) | 0.580 |
ICU stay | 8 (5–15) | 9 (5–17) | 0.114 |
Hospital stay | 25 (15–41) | 38 (21–52) | 0.052 |
ICU mortality | 121 (27.2) | 88 (45.4) | <0.001 |
Hospital mortality | 139 (31.3) | 103 (52.8) | <0.001 |